Lower Extremity Flashcards
hallux bone location
aka ‘the big toe’
‘metatarsophalangeal joint’
joint between big toe and 1st metatarsal
popliteus
fibularis longus
extensor digitorum longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis anterior
fibularis tertius
flexor hallucis longus
extensor hallucis longus
planning ankle coronal
perpendicular to sagittal
cover the fat pad and skin
routine foot set up
Achilles tendon names
calcaneal tendon
2 peroneal tendon names
- peroneus brevis
- peroneus longus
liposarcoma
rare type of cancer that develops in fat cell in the soft tissue of the limbs or abdomen
bone edema on dark sequences
bright on T1 weighted
dark on T2 weighted
quadriceps tendon location
just above the patella
bucket handle tear
a serious injury to the cartilage in the knee, when the menicus is torn and flips forward
how many planes do you need to properly plan an exam?
3 (Axial, Coronal, Sagittal)
ligaments of knee
lateral collateral ligament
posterior cruciate ligament
Limits amount backward movement of tibia
medial collateral ligament
anterior cruciate ligament
limits rotation & forward movement of tibia
70% of all serious knee injuries
patellar tendon
attaches the bottom of the patella to top of tibia
the strongest tendon in the body
Achilles tendon
ankle tendons
- achilles
- peroneus brevis
- peroneus longus
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor hallucis longus
foot anatomy
knee pathologies
sprained or strained ligaments, cartilage tears, tendonitis and arthritis
lower extremity muscles
the order of foot sequences
fore
middle
hind
axial ankle slice setup
Ax by themselves first
90 degree dorsiflexion
Up to where tibia and fibula no longer meet
sagittal ankle slice setup
Sag PARALLEL to medial and lateral side of talus
Center on ankle joint
Perpendicular to the base of tibia
One side of tibia to the other
coronal ankle slice setup
Cor PERPENDICULAR to sag
Cover the fat pad and skin
thigh tendons
quadriceps tendon
patellar tendon
ilio-tibial tendon
hamstring tendon
pes anserinus
knee tears
menicus tears
ligament tears
tendon tears
patellar fractures
how to recognize medial condyle
rounder
how to recognize lateral condyle
more flat plateau, has fibula
what are the dark sequences?
TRs
STIRs
T2 FS
PD FS
what are the 2 axis used for foot exam?
short axis
long axis