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MRI Imaging and Procedures > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

Brain & Brain Safety

1
Q

What must any patient with an implant provide during MRI screening?

A

An implant identification card

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2
Q

What should be verified before performing an MRI on a patient with an implant?

A

The implant’s MRI safety or conditional status for the specific field strength and exam

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3
Q

Where can you check the compatibility of an implant for MRI safety?

A

www.mrisafety.com

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4
Q

Why is it important to double-check with the implant manufacturer?

A

To confirm the implant is MRI safe.

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5
Q

What is the primary source of acoustic noise in MRI?

A

Gradients.

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6
Q

How can patients be protected from MRI noise?

A

By using earplugs and headphones.

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7
Q

What happens to noise levels as MRI field strength increases?

A

The noise becomes louder.

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8
Q

Why does MRI noise occur during scans?

A

Due to rapid alterations of currents within the gradient coils.

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9
Q

What type of radiation does MRI use compared to X-rays?

A

MRI uses non-ionizing radiation.

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10
Q

What are the three main imaging planes in MRI?

A

Sagittal (X-plane), Coronal (Y-plane), and Transversal/Axial (Z-plane).

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11
Q

How can patient burns be prevented during MRI?

A

Use blankets and cushions to position the patient and avoid direct skin contact with the bore surface.

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12
Q

What should be avoided with MRI cables to prevent burns?

A

Do not loop the cables.

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13
Q

What temperature can superconductive magnets in MRI reach?

A

As low as -269°C (-425°F, 4K).

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14
Q

What are the indications of quenching in MRI?

A

Loud noise, warning message, and/or tilting of an image on the screen.

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15
Q

What safety measures should be taken during a quench?

A

Stay low to the floor to avoid asphyxiation, frostbite, and injuries due to panic.

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16
Q

What is the fringe field in MRI?

A

Invisible lines of force extending beyond the magnet.

17
Q

Are there any known risks of using MRI on pregnant patients?

A

No known risks, but MRI is reserved for very important problems or suspected abnormalities.

18
Q

Why might MRI be safer for pregnant patients compared to X-rays?

A

MRI does not use ionizing radiation.

19
Q

What potential effects might MRI have on developing fetuses?

A

Interaction of electromagnetic fields could potentially cause adverse effects, especially during the first trimester.

20
Q

What are the components of an RF field in MRI?

A

RF transmit amplifier, RF antennas (coils), RF receive amplifier, and receive coil.

21
Q

What can RF antennas in MRI cause?

A

Burn hazards.

22
Q

What is SAR ?

A

Specific Absorption Rate

23
Q

Why is SAR important in MRI?

A

It measures RF energy absorption and helps prevent thermal injury.

24
Q

What is the primary purpose of MRI Zone 2?

A

Patient screening and preparation.

25
Q

Who is allowed in MRI Zone 3?

A

Screened patients and personnel only.

26
Q

What is MRI Zone 4?

A

The scan room

27
Q

What are the three main planes used in brain imaging with MRI?

A

Sagittal, Coronal, and Axial.

28
Q

What is MR Angiography (MRA) used for in brain imaging?

A

Evaluating cerebral arteries in cases of stroke, hemorrhage, trauma, AVM, aneurysm, etc.

29
Q

What does Functional MRI (fMRI) detect?

A

Blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) changes indicating neuronal activity.

30
Q

What is the purpose of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)?

A

Quantifies metabolites and studies their distribution, displaying them as a spectrum in parts per million (ppm).

31
Q

How can an EpiPen be used during an MRI emergency?

A

Administered to the thigh and held for 10-15 seconds.

32
Q

What does SAR measure and why is it regulated by the FDA?

A

It measures RF energy absorption in watts per kilogram to prevent tissue heating and damage

33
Q

Why is SAR regulated by the FDA?

A

to prevent tissue heating and damage.

34
Q

Who can enter Zone 4?

A

accessible only to patients/personnel under direct supervision of MRI staff.

MRI Imaging and Procedures (6 decks)

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