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Anatomy > Lower Extremities > Flashcards

Lower Extremities Flashcards

1
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A 
NAVEL
Femoral NERVE
Femoral ARTERY
Femoral VEIN
EMPTY space - femoral canal
LYMPHATICS
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2
Q

The nerve blocked during femoral vein catheterization. Supplies the skin of thigh below inguinal ligament.

A

Genitofemoral nerve

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3
Q

A fascial canal in the thigh running from the apex of femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus in the tendon of adductor Magnus muscle

A

Hunter’s canal

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4
Q

Origin of sartorius and tensor fascia lata

A

ASIS

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5
Q

Origin of rectus femoris

A

AIIS

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6
Q

Common insertion of iliacus and psoas

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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7
Q

Common insertion of quadriceps femoris

A

Quadriceps/patellar tendon

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8
Q

Common insertion of adductor muscles

A

Linea aspera of femur

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9
Q

Insertion of hamstring part of adductor Magnus

A

Adductor tubercle of femur

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10
Q

Common origin of hamstring muscles

A

Ischial tuberosity

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11
Q

Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

A

Short head of biceps femoris

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12
Q

Compartments of femoral sheath
Lateral
Intermediate
Medial

A

Lateral - femoral artery
Intermediate - femoral vein
Medial - femoral canal (empty space)

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13
Q

Common origin of gluteal muscles

A

Outer surface of ilium

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14
Q

Common insertion of gluteal muscles except gluteus Maximus and quadratus femoris

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

Insertion of gluteus Maximus

A

Gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract

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16
Q

Insertion of quadratus femoris

A

Quadrate tubercle

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17
Q

Insertion of iliopsoas

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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18
Q

Patient walks with a waddling gait characterized by the pelvis falling toward one side at each step. What nerve is involved?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus minimus and medius

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19
Q

Contribution from L4 joins L5 to form the

A

Lumbosacral trunk

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20
Q

Largest nerve in the body

A

Sciatic nerve

L4,L5,S1,S2,S3

21
Q

Hip joint stability depends on 3 factors

A
  1. Gluteus medius and minimus are functioning normally
  2. Head of femur within acetabulum
  3. Neck of femur intact and has a normal angle with shaft of femur
22
Q

Weakness in the ability to laterally rotate and extend the thigh at hip joint. Difficulty climbing stairs or rising from a chair

A

Inferior gluteal nerve lesions

Gluteus Maximus

23
Q

IM injection in lower medial quadrant of gluteus Maximus. Difficulty to extend thigh and flex leg.

A

Sciatic nerve lesions

24
Q

Intragluteal injections should be made on what quadrant

A

Superolateral/ upper outer

25
Q

This muscle irritates and places pressure on the sciatic nerve causing pain in the buttocks and referring pain along the course of sciatic nerve

A

Piriformis syndrome

26
Q

Weakness in ability to flex the thigh at hip as well as extend the leg. Diminished patellar tendon reflex.

A

Femoral nerve lesions

27
Q

Post-op pain and parenthesia in the skin of medial aspect of leg and foot.

A

Saphenous nerve lesions
(Only cutaneous, no motor paralysis)
- injured during surgical procedure to remove part of great saphenous vein

28
Q

Most commonly lesioned in the pelvis. Unable to adduct thigh at hip. Parenthesia in skin of medial thigh.

A

Obturator nerve lesions

29
Q

Garden classification is used in what kind Of fracture

A

Femoral neck fracture

  1. Undisplaced, incomplete
  2. Undisplaced, complete
  3. Incompletely displaced
  4. Completely displaced
30
Q

Fracture where thigh is Shortened with lateral rotation

Head of femur may undergo avascular necrosis

A

Femoral neck fracture
Subcapital - elderly
Trochanteric - young, direct trauma

31
Q

Major supply of femoral head

A

Medial femoral circumflex

32
Q

Fracture where thigh is shortened and medially rotated by gluteus medius and minimus. Sciatic nerve may be compressed.

A

Dislocation of the head of femur

33
Q

Dorsiflex foot at ankle joint

A

Tibialis anterior

34
Q

Great saphenous vein drains into

A

Femoral (saphenous nerve)

35
Q

Small/lesser saphenous vein drains into

A

Popliteal (sural nerve)

36
Q

Landmark of dorsalis pedis artery/ pulse

A

Between malleoli or 1st intermetatarsal space

37
Q

Landmark of femoral artery

A

Behind inguinal ligament midway between ASIS and symphysis pubis

38
Q

Landmark of popliteal artery

A

Popliteal space fully relaxed by passively flexing the knee joint

39
Q

Foot drop Happens when there’s an injury on what nerve

A

Common peroneal

40
Q

Can’t stand on tiptoes

A

Tibial nerve lesions

41
Q

compression of neck of fibula, hip fracture, dislocation of femur. Foot drop, steppage gait. Sensory loss on dorsum of foot

A

Common peroneal/ fibulae nerve lesions

42
Q

Weakness in aversion of foot

A

Superficial peroneal/ fibular nerve lesions

43
Q

Joint between femur and tibia

A

Synovial hinge joint

44
Q

Joint between patella and femur

A

Synovial gliding joint

45
Q

Unhappy triad of O’Donoghue

A

ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus

46
Q

Intracapsular ligament that prevents forward sliding of tibia on the femur and posterior displacement of femur on tibia. Lax during flexion.

A

Anterior cruciate

47
Q

Intracapsular ligament that prevents backward sliding of tibia on the femur and anterior displacement of femur on tibia. Lax during extension.

A

Posterior cruciate

48
Q

Terrible triad of knee injuries

A

Tibial collateral ligament
Medial meniscus
ACL

49
Q

Only tarsal bone without muscle attachment

A

Talus

Anatomy (7 decks)

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