Lower Extrem Flashcards
How many bones are in the foot?
26
In the 26 bones, how is the division across the three types of bones in the foot?
Phalange (14), Metatarsals (5), and Tarsals (7)
how is the first metatarsal different from the rest?
It is thicker and bears more weight
Proximal portion of the 5th metatarsal is an important aspect on the x ray view b/c….
it is a site of common injury
name the tarsal bones.. (7)
Calcaneous, Tarlus, cuboid, navicular, Middle/intermediate/and lateral cuneiforms
which of the tarsal bone is in direct articulation with the ankle bones?
talus
what are the 2 bones that the calcaneus articulates with?
Superior aspect, talus.
Anterior aspect, Cuboid
Talus is the only tarsal bone that articulates with ankle bones, what are those bones?
Tibia and fibula
Cuboid, tarsal bone, is called this way b/c it is
cube shaped
which of the cuneiform bones articulates with 6 bones? and what are the 6 bones?
it is the lateral cuneiform,
Navicular, Cuboid, middle cuneiform, 2-4 metatarsals
where can you find the sesamoid bones of the foot?
on plantar surface at the head of 1st metatarsophalangeal joint
what type of joint is IP of the foot?
Ginglymus
what joint does the 1st digit of the foot not have when compared to others?
DIP or PIP, it just has an IP b/c it does not have a middle phalanx
what is an MTP joint?
Metatarsophalangeal joint, it is a joint between metatarsal and phalanges
What is a TMT joint?
it is tarsometatarsal joint, it joins the tarsals and the metatarsals
what type of joint is the MTP?
Ellipsoidal
what type of joint is the TMT?
Gliding
what are the two arches of the foot?
Longititudinal and transverse
Distal Tibia and Fibula form a deep pocket, 3 sided opening, called the….
mortise
tibial joint surface that forms roof of ankle mortise joint is called….
tibial plafond
what is the line between malleoli?
intermalleolar line
To demonstrate mortise, what is required of the intermalleolar line?
it needs to be parallel to the IR
how do you get the mortise to be parallel to the IR?
internally rotating the entire leg 15-20 degrees
what tendon is attached to the calcaneus?
Achilles
On an axial view of the Calcaneus, what can you locate on the lateral aspect?
Peroneal Trochlea
Where is the sustentaculum tali located on the calcaneus?
medially.
how many articulating facet does the talocalcaneal joint have?
3, posterior, middle and anterior articular facets
where is the Sinus Tarsi formed?
in middle of the subtalar joint
What should you be able to identified in a lateral heel view?
Sinus Tarsi, tibiotalar joint, talonavicular joint, talocalcaneal joint
which of the leg bones is the weight bearing one?
Tibia
Tibia has 2 condyles, medial and lateral, T/F?
True
What is another name for superior articular surface?
Tibial Plateau
What is the angle in which the tibial plateau slope?
10-20 degrees
