Lower Eval Week 5 Flashcards
Stress Reactions
When bone is breaking down but not fractured
More common in high school athletes due to inconsistency of training
Bone scan used to differentiate or diagnose a stress reaction or fracture
Vitamin D is a key factor in healing stress reactions
Periosteum
Common injuries include stress fractures or medial tibial stress syndrome
Vascular injuries include popliteal artery entrapment syndrome or intermittent claudication
Referred pain from nerve or bony structures
Hip or knee can refer pain to the lower leg
Chronic exertional compartment syndrome, muscle strains, tendonopathy
Overuse Injury Causes
Environment Equipment Frequency Duration Intensity
Overuse Injury Treatment
Unload the athletes, rebuild neuromuscular pathways, work on voluntary motion, work on reflexes using PNF
Compartment Syndrome Diagnosis
Pain Type- Aching, cramping, diffuse, tight Pain w/ Rest- Decreases Pain w/ Activity- Increases Pain w/ Warm up- Increases ROM- Limited Onset- Gradual Sensations- May be altered Muscle Weakness- Probably Pain w/ Stretching- Increases X-ray- Normal Pulse- Impacted Palpation- Hardened Recovery- None without surgery
Shin Splints Diagnosis
Pain Type- Throbbing, sharp Pain w/ Rest- Decrease Pain w/ Activity- Increase Pain w/ Warm up- May not present during warm up ROM- Limited Onset- Gradual Sensation- Normal Muscle Weakness- No Pain w/ Stretching- Increase X-ray- Normal, bonescan positive Pulse- Normal Palpation- Tender Cause- Overuse Recovery- None without rest
Stress Fracture Diagnosis
Pain Type- Localized, deep, nagging Pain w/ Rest- Same Pain w/ Activity- Same, may increase Pain w/ Warm up- Same ROM- Normal Onset- Gradual Sensation- Normal Muscle Weakness- No Pain w/ Stretching- Same X-ray- May show up, will definitely show up on bonescan Pulse- Normal Palpation- Point Tender Cause- Overuse Recovery- 3 months
Shin Tumor Diagnosis
Pain Type- Deep, nagging, aching, radiating Pain w/ Rest- Consistent and increases at night Pain w/ Activity- Same Pain w/ Warm up- Same ROM- Normal Onset- Variable Sensations- May be altered Muscle Weakness- Rarely Pain w/ Stretching- Same X-Ray- Positive Pulse- Normal Palpation- Tender Cause- Unknown Recovery- Needs treatment to recover
