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Myology > lower body > Flashcards

lower body Flashcards

1
Q

4 muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris group?

A
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus intermedius
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2
Q

What actions do the quadriceps femoris group perform?

A

All: extend the knee (tibiofemorial joint)
Rectus Femoris: Flex the hip (coxal joint)

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3
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris muscle?

A

AIIS (Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine)

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4
Q

Origin of vastus medialis?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

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5
Q

Origin of vastus lateralis?

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and greater trocanter

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6
Q

Origin of vastus intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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7
Q

Insertion of all quadricep femoris muscles?

A

Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

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8
Q

3 Muscles that make up the Hamstrings?

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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9
Q

What actions do the biceps femoris perform?

A
  • flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • laterally rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Long head: extends the hip (coxal joint)
  • Long Head: Assists to laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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10
Q

Origin of the biceps femoris?

A

Long Head: Ischial tuberosity
Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

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11
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Head of fibula

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12
Q

Nerve root of biceps femoris?

A

Long Head: Sciatic (tibial branch, L5, S1, 2, 3)

Short Head: Sciatic (peroneal branch L5, S1, 2)

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13
Q

What actions does the semitendinosus muscle perform?

A
  • Flexes the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Extend the hip (coxal joint)
  • Assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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14
Q

What is the origin of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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15
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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16
Q

Nerve root of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2

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17
Q

Actions of the semimembranosus muscle?

A
  • Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Extend the hip
  • Assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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18
Q

Origin of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

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19
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

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20
Q

Nerve root of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2

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21
Q

Nerve root of quadriceps femoris group?

A

Femoral L2, 3, 4

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22
Q

Muscles in the gluteal group?

A

Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

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23
Q

Action of the gluteus maximus?

A

All Fibers: Extend the hip

Laterally rotate the hip

Abduct the hip

Lower fibers: Adduct the hip

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24
Q

Origin of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

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25
Q

Insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

Iliotibial Tract/ Band (upper fibers)

gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

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26
Q

Nerve root of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Inferior Gluteal L5, S1, 2

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27
Q

Action of Gluteus Medius?

A

All fibers: Abduct the hip

Anterior fibers: Flex the hip

Medially rotate the hip

Posterior fibers: Extend the hip

Laterally rotate the hip

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28
Q

Origin of Gluteus Medius?

A

Gluteal surface of the ilium, between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

29
Q

Insertion of gluteus medius?

A

lateral aspect of greater trochanter

30
Q

Nerve root of gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal, L4, 5, S1

31
Q

Action of gluteus minimus?

A

abduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

flex the hip

32
Q

Origin of gluteal minimus?

A

gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

33
Q

Insertion of gluteus minimus?

A

Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

34
Q

Nerve root of gluteus minimus?

A

Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1

35
Q

What muscles are in the adducter group? (5)

A

Adducter Magnus

Adducter Longus

Adductor Brevis

Pectineus

Gracilis

36
Q

What action do all adductors do?

A

adduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

All except gracilis- flex the knee

37
Q

Action of Adductor Magnus?

A

Adduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

assist to flex the hip

Posterior fibers: Extend the hip

38
Q

Origin of adductor Magnus?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramis of ischium, and ischial tuberosity

39
Q

Insertion of Adductor Magnus?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

40
Q

Nerve root of Adductor Magnus?

A

Obturator L2, 3, 4 and Sciatic L4, 5, S1

41
Q

Action of Adductor Longus?

A

Adduct the hip

Medially rotate the hip

Assist to flex the hip

42
Q

Origin of Adductor Longus?

A

Pubic Tubercle

43
Q

Insertion of Adductor Longus?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

44
Q

Nerve root of Adductor Longus?

A

Obturator, L2, 3, 4

45
Q

Action of Adductor Brevis?

A

Adduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

assist to flex the hip

46
Q

Origin of Adductor Brevis?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

47
Q

Insertion of Adductor Brevis?

A

Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

48
Q

Nerve root of Adductor Brevis?

A

Obturator L2, 3, 4

49
Q

Action of Pectineus?

A

Adduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

assist to flex the hip

50
Q

Origin of Pectineus?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

51
Q

Insertion of pectineus?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

52
Q

Nerve root of Pectineus?

A

Femoral and obturator L2, 3, 4

53
Q

Action of Gracilis?

A

Adduct the hip

medially rotate the hip

flex the knee

medially rotate the knee

54
Q

Origin of Gracilis?

A

inferior ramus of pubis

55
Q

Insertion of gracilis?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

56
Q

Nerve root of Gracilis?

A

Obturator L2, 3, 4

57
Q

Actions of Tensor Fasciae Latae?

A

Flex the hip

Medially rotate the hip

Abduct the hip

58
Q

Origin of Tensor Fasciae Latae?

A

Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS

59
Q

Insertion of tensor fascae latae?

A

Iliotibial Tract

60
Q

Innervation of Tensor Fascae Latae

A

Superior Gluteal, L4, 5, S1

61
Q

Actions of Sartorius?

A

Flex the hip

Laterally rotate the hip

Abduct the hip

Flex the knee

Medially rotate the flexed knee

62
Q

Origin of sartorius?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

63
Q

Insertion of sartorius?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

64
Q

Innervation of sartorius?

A

Femoral L2, 3, (4)

65
Q

What muscles are in the lateral rotators of the hip? (5)

A

Piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus inferior

66
Q

What are the actions of piriformis?

A

Laterally rotate the hip

Abduct the hip when flexed

67
Q

What is the origin of piriformis?

A

Anterior surface of the sacrum

68
Q

What is the insertion of piriformis?

A

Superior aspect of greater trochanter

Myology (2 decks)

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