LOW LEVEL OPERATIONS Flashcards
Digital computers are made up of what?
Tiny switches called transistors that can be either on or off.
What is two’s complement?
twos complement is the system used for representing negative integer values
What are the four steps to convert a negative decimal into twos complement?
1) Establish the bit length required
2) convert the positive version of the number to binary
3) convert all 0’s to 1’s and all1’s to 0’s
4) Add 1
A floating point number takes up more what and requires what?
A floating point number takes up more memory and requires more processing power to calculate than a two’s complement number
The numbers of bits allocated to the exponent determines what?
The range of numbers you can store
The number of bits allocated to the mantissa determines what?
The accuracy with which they are stored
Text can be stored as what?
ASCII or Unicode
How many characters can both ASCII and Unicode represent?
ASCII = 256 characters Unicode = 65536 characters
What is a disadvantage of Unicode?
One Unicode character takes up more memory than an ASCII code character
What is one disadvantage of ASCII?
One disadvantage of ASCII code characters is that they are limited to 256 possible symbols
What are the two methods for storing graphics?
Bitmapped graphics and vector graphics
What is a bitmap?
A bitmap is a representation of a graphic using a grid of bits to store information about the colour of each pixel in an image
What does bit-depth mean?
the bit depth of an image refers to the number of bits used to store the colour information for each pixel
Colours on a screen can be displayed by mixing what colours and where the overlap they create what other colours?
Red, Green, Blue
Overlap Colours = Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and White
RGB colour uses how many bits to represent the colour of each pixel?
24
