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Comprehensive Exams > Loudness > Flashcards

Loudness Flashcards

1
Q

How can the relationship between loudness and intensity be measured?

A
  • Loudness matching tasks
  • Does not measure how loud the sound actually is, but rather, how loud the sound must be in order for a 1000-Hz tone to sound equally loud
  • The loudness level of a 1000-Hz tone is equal to the sound pressure level in dB SPL
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2
Q

What do the ISO standard loudness contours demonstrate?

A
  • Curves that represent binaural listening from 10 to 100 phons and include the absolute threshold curve
  • Contours demonstrate that the rate of growth of loudness varies by frequency
  • Rate of growth of loudness is greatest for low and high frequencies and is the least for mid-frequencies
  • The curves also demonstrate that at high loudness levels, the curves become flatter
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3
Q

How is loudness affected by the length of the stimulus?

A
  • Loudness adaptation
  • When a continuous tone is presented for a long period of time, the listener begins to perceive a decrease in loudness of that tone
  • Loudness adaptation is elicited by continuous tones, particularly at low intensities
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4
Q

What is the definition of intensity?

A

The measure of the magnitude and direction of the flow of sound energy in terms of particle velocity and sound pressure

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5
Q

What is sound pressure level?

A

A relative measure of intensity recorded on the dB sound pressure level scale

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6
Q

What is the reference for sound pressure level?

A

A 1000-Hz tone at normal hearing threshold

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7
Q

What is the definition of a pure tone threshold?

A

The ratio between sound pressure level at a particular frequency to the normal threshold pressure

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8
Q

What is sound pressure level used to reference?

A

Manufacturering and performance evaluation of hearing assessment instruments, hearing aids, voice levels, and other sounds

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9
Q

Why is audiometer calibration necessary?

A
  • To ensure that the transducers are appropriately producing an output in sound pressure level that is in accordance with ANSI standards
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10
Q

What is the ETSPL?

A

Equivalent threshold sound pressure level

  • Sound pressure level generated by a transducer in an acoustic coupler that corresponds to a specific pure tone threshold
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11
Q

What is the RETSPL?

A

Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level

  • Average ETSPL at a specific frequency and is recorded in decibels
  • Taken from a set of data recorded from a large group of young normal hearing individuals, ages 18-25 years old
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12
Q

What is the ETFL?

A

Equivalent threshold force level

  • The force level generated by the bone oscillator when placed on the forehead or mastoid that corresponds to the hearing threshold provided that the non-test ear is appropriately masked
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13
Q

What is the RETFL?

A

Reference equivalent threshold force level

  • Average ETFL at a specific frequency and is recorded in decibels
  • Taken from a set of data recorded from a large group of young normal hearing individuals, ages 18-25 years old
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14
Q

What is the ESRTSPL?

A

Equivalent speech recognition threshold sound pressure level

  • Sound pressure level produced by the transducer used which produces sound pressure at the SRT
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15
Q

What is the RESRTSPL?

A

Reference Equivalent speech recognition threshold sound pressure level

  • Average ESRTSPL
  • Taken from a set of data recorded from a large group of young normal hearing individuals, ages 18-25 years old
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16
Q

What is a pure tone threshold?

A

The minimum sound pressure level required to evoke an auditory sensation (ANSI, 2010)

17
Q

What is LDL assessment?

A
  • The level of loudness below the physical level of discomfort
  • Provides good diagnostic information about the patient’s dynamic range
18
Q

What hearing aid components are affected by loudness, intensity, and sound pressure level?

A
  • Microphone and receiver

- Must both have a large bandwidth

19
Q

What are the units of measurement for electrophysiologic testing?

A
  • dB nHL (dB neural hearing threshold)

- dB peSPL (peak equivalent sound pressure level)

20
Q

What stimuli are recorded in dB nHL?

A

Longer stimuli

21
Q

What stimuli are recorded in dB peSPL?

A

Shorter stimuli, such as clicks or tone pips

22
Q

What stimulus presentation produces the most robust response for the ECochG?

A

70-90 dB nHL

Comprehensive Exams (9 decks)

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