Long term memory- Memory

Question 1

What’s procedural memory and give an example

Answer 1

• an action or skill based memory ,

-our knowledge of HOW to do something
- recall WITHOUT conscious awareness

e.g
- how to walk
-how to talk

Question 2

What is an episodic memory and give an example

Answer 2

• memories of personal events–> autobiographical memory system
• requires CONSCIOUS effort to recall

e.g

• When I went to Spain on holiday

Question 3

what is a flashbulb memory?

Answer 3

• type of episodic memory where we can supply a vivid and detailed recollection of where we were and what we were doing when we heard about a major public event

Question 4

Brown and Klick research into flashbulb memories found

Answer 4

• asked ppts about their memories of assassinations eg MLK and JFK, also asked if they had any flashbulb memories associated with a personal shock eg death of relative
• of 80 ppts, 73 had flashbulb memory of a situation of personal shock
• JFKs assassination most vividly recalled
• FLASHBULB MEMORIES ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAPPEN IF AN EVENT WAS UNEXPECTED AND PERSONALLY CONSEQUENTIAL

Question 5

What are the statistics for flashbulb memories about MLK?

Answer 5

• 75% black ppts had a flashbulb memory for his death, compared to 33% of white ppts

BECAUSE IT WAS MORE PERSONAL TO BLACK PEOPLE

Question 6

Evidence against flashbulb memories- space shuttle challenger

Answer 6

• NEISSER asked students to report how they learned about the explosion of the space shuttle challenger the day after it happened
• when the same students were asked again 3 years later, none produced an entirely accurate report
• 1/3 produced a completely inaccurate report even though they believed it to be completely accurate

Question 7

What is the semantic memory and give an example

Answer 7

• store of general factual knowledge about the world
• requires CONSCIOUS recall