Long term memory Flashcards
What is declarative memory?
Memory for facts and knowledge.
What are the 2 types of declarative memory?
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Episodic memory is memory for…
personal experiences.
Semantic memory is memory for…
factual information.
Anterograde amnesia is the inability to…
create new memories.
Retrograde amnesia is the loss of…
memories prior to the lesion.
Damage to which two brain areas are associated with anterograde amnesia?
Hippocampus
Limbic system
Damage to which brain areas are associated with retrograde amnesia?
Associative cortex (temporal & parietal areas)
The left prefrontal cortex is involved in…
learning and encoding.
The right prefrontal cortex is involved in memory…
retrieval.
The hippocampus is involved in memory…
consolidation.
Which type of amnesia may be present with or without hippocampal damage?
Retrograde amnesia
Older memories are more ______ and less prone to ______.
consolidated; decay
What could the reason be for the fact that the hippocampus does not always show activation during fMRI memory studies?
It may be involved in all stages of memory, and is cancelled out during the fMRI procedure.
What is Squire’s (1992) standard model for memory?
That the hippocampus is important for short term consolidation, and then the neocortex takes over.
What is a shortcoming of Squire’s standard model?
That episodic and semantic memory should be affected equally in everyone, but it is not.
What is Nadel & Moscovitch’s (1997) multiple trace theory?
That the hippocampus and neocortex work together to create a memory trace.
According to the multiple trace theory, recalling a member more often creates…
new hippocampal traces.
