Long term condition- Year 2

Question 1

What is person centred care and the 5 principles?

Answer 1

• It is the patient at center of decision making

- 5 Principles:
1 ) Respect
2) Choice and empowerment
3) Patient involvement in health policy
4) Access and support
5) Information

Question 2

What is the definition of incidence?

Answer 2

The number of new cases of a disease in a population in a specified period of time (trend in causation and aetiology of disease)

Question 3

What is the definition of prevalence?

Answer 3

The number of people in a population with a specific disease at a single point in time or in a defined period of time; existing cases (assess current workload on healthcare)

Question 4

What is the “burden of treatment”?

Answer 4

• Demands by healthcare systems:
  1) Changing behavior for lifestyle modifications
  2) Monitoring and managing symptoms at home
  3 )Complex treatment and multiple drugs
  4) Complex Admin systems working with uncoordinated health and social care system

Question 5

What are the impact of long term conditions on?

• The individual
• Family members
• Community/ Social

Answer 5

• Individual: negative/positive, denial, self-pity, apathy
• Family: financial, emotion, and physical, contagious
• Community/social: isolation of individual. Community can be judged on how it treats the ill

Question 6

What is an expect patient?

Answer 6

“Patient understand disease better than healthcare professional”

Question 7

What is the WHO definition of disability?

Answer 7

• Body and structure impairment:
  ○ Abnormalities of structure, organ or system function
• Activity level:
  ○ Changed functional performance and activity by the individual
• Participation restriction:
  ○ Disadvantage caused by disability, interaction in society/environment

Question 8

What is the medical model of disability?

Answer 8

• Individual cause (accident while drunk)
• Pathology (obesity)
• Individual intervention (health professional advise)
• Individual change (change in behaviour)

Question 9

What is the social model of disability?

Answer 9

• Societal cause (low wage)
• Housing conditions
• Social/political action (facilities for disabled)
• Social attitude (use of politically correct language)

Question 10

What is the sick role? (rights and obligations)

Answer 10

• Rights:
  1) Exemption from societal norms
  2) Not responsible for condition
• Obligations:
  1) Should try to get well
  2) Should seek professional help and cooperate

Question 11

What are the epidemiology of disability?

Answer 11

1) Congenital
2) Injury
3) Disease
4) Alcohol/drugs
5) Mental illness
6) Malnutrition/obesity

Question 12

What is the screening Criteria?

Answer 12

Wilson’s Criteria:

1) Knowledge of the disease
2) Knowledge of the test
3) Treatment for the disease