Long term adaptations

Question 1

what are the adaptations of the cv system to exercise

Answer 1

• cardiac hypertrophy
• increase stroke volume
• decrease resting heart rate
• decrease heart rate recovery time
• capillarisation of skeletal muscle and alveoli

Question 2

what is cardiac hypertrophy

Answer 2

heart walls thicken which increases strengths of contractions so more efficient

Question 3

what is increase in stroke volume

Answer 3

hypertrophy means heart can pump more blood per beat so more blood transported to working muscles

Question 4

what is decrease in resting heart rate

Answer 4

heart is bigger so pumps more blood per beat so does not have to work as hard

Question 5

what is decrease in heart rate recovery time

Answer 5

pump blood at an increased rate after exercise too so they remove waste products at a faster rate

Question 6

what will happen to heart rate recovery time for fitter athletes

Answer 6

can bring their heart rate down much quicker than normal individuals

Question 7

what is capillarisation of skeletal muscle and alveoli

Answer 7

better capillary network in body increases blood flow to working muscles so more oxygen and nutrients can be diffused into the blood from alveoli and into muscles