Long-Shore Drift, Waves, Storm Surge, Isostatic Recovery

Question 1

1.What is Longshore drift?

Answer 1

The movement of sand/sediment moving ALONG the beach.

Question 2

2.What is swash?

Answer 2

The movement of sand/sediment UP the beach by the wave.

Question 3

3.What is backwash?

Answer 3

The movement of sand/sediment back DOWN the beach by the wave.

Question 4

4.What are the 5 features of destructive waves?

Answer 4

• Occur in storm conditions.
• Have high energy.
• Long fetch (travelled a long distance).
• Responsible for erosion.
• Greater backwash than swash.

Question 5

5.What are the 5 features of constructive waves?

Answer 5

• Occur in calm conditions.
• Have low energy.
• Transport material by longshore drift.
• Responsible for deposition.
• Greater swash than backwash.

Question 6

6.What 3 landforms are created by Longshore Drift

Answer 6

• Spit.
• Bar.
• Tombolo.

Question 7

7.Why is cornwall more vulnerable to coastal erosion?

Answer 7

• Destructive waves.

- Long Fetch.

Question 8

8.What is a storm surge?

Answer 8

Change in sea level that is caused by a storm.

Question 9

9.What causes a storm surge?

Answer 9

Low air pressure causes a bulge in the sea.

Bulge is pushed forward by the wind.

Question 10

10.If a storm surge happens during low tide coastal flooding is highly likely

Answer 10

True and False (depending on the hight of land)

[BUT False is better]

Question 11

11.What storm surge did we study?

Answer 11

December 2013.

Question 12

12.Why is the south east coast of the UK more vulnerable to storm surges?

Answer 12

• North sea.

- Funnel effect between UK and Europe.

Question 13

13.What are 2 physical reasons why London is vulnerable to flooding?

Answer 13

• Storm surges.

- Narrowing of the land (funnel effect).

Question 14

14.What are 2 human reasons why London is vulnerable to flooding

Answer 14

• Large population.

- Lots of buildings along the Thames.

Question 15

15.What is isostatic recovery?

Answer 15

The weight of the ice acted like a sea-saw and pushed down Scotland and raised the South East.

Now that the weight of the ice has gone Scotland is rebounding and the South East sinking back down.

Question 16

16.How has London attempted to reduce the threat of flooding?

Answer 16

Thames Barrier.

Question 17

16.Give 5 hard engineering strategies to manage the coast

Answer 17

• Sea walls.
• Groynes.
• Rip Rap.
• Offshore reef.
• Revetments.

Question 18

18.Give 3 soft engineering strategies to manage the coast

Answer 18

• Beach replenishment.
• Managed Retreat.
• Cliff regrading.