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Physiology Lecture 11 > long distance signaling > Flashcards

long distance signaling Flashcards

1
Q

speed of transmission and duration of signals in the endocrine system

A

slow and long lasting

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2
Q

speed of transmission and duration of signals in the nervous system

A

rapid

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3
Q

distance over which the chemical message travels in hormones

A

cells are very far apart

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4
Q

distance over which the chemical message travels in neurotransmitters

A

close, cell to cell

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5
Q

is the endocrine system voluntary or involuntary

A

involuntary

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6
Q

is the nervous system voluntary or involuntary

A

both

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7
Q

what hormones are hydrophobic

A

steroids

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8
Q

steroids are synthesized from what

A

cholesterol

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9
Q

what hormones are hydrophilic

A

amino acid based hormones

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10
Q

are neurotransmitters hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

hydrophilic

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11
Q

neurotransmitters bind to what

A

cell surface receptors

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12
Q

where are the cell receptors for hormones

A

plasma membrane

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13
Q

what are excitatory neurotransmitters
what are examples?

A

generates a signal from one neuron to the next
glutamate, epinephrine, norepinephrine

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14
Q

what are inhibitory neurotransmitters
what are examples

A

prevents a generation of an electrical signal
GABA, serotonin, dopamine

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15
Q

excitatory neurotransmitters cause ___
a ___ in membrane potential

A

depolarization
decrease in membrane potential

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16
Q

inhibitory neurotransmitters cause ___
an ___ in membrane potential

A

hyper-polarization
increase

17
Q

chemicals that exert effects ON THE SAME CELLS that secrete them =

A

autocrine

18
Q

chemicals released by cells that effect OTHER NEARBY CELS

A

paracrine

19
Q

secretion into the mood for signaling WITH CELLS FAR AWAY

A

endocrine

20
Q

SECRETION INTO THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT THROUGH A DUCT usually in an epithelium =

A

exocrine

Physiology Lecture 11 (6 decks)

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