hormones: chemical propterties Flashcards
6 amino acid based hormones
epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine = prolactin
T3 = triiodothyronine
T4 = thyroxine
melatonin
amino acid hormones
- site of production?
- storage?
- release?
- blood transport?
- duration in blood?
- receptor location?
- transcription, translation on ROUGH e do plastic reticulum
- in vesicles
- exocytosis
- water soluble, free in the plasma
- short lived, removed by kidney or liver
- surface of cells
steroid hormones
- 1 site of production?
- 2 storage?
- 3 release?
- 4 blood transport?
- 5 duration in blood?
- 6 receptor location?
1- construction by SMOOTH end oppose if reticulum
2- no storage, made when needed
3- simple diffusion
4- hydrophobic, rides on plasma proteins
5- long lived, protected from kidney and liver and they are attached to plasma proteins
6- intracellular - cytosol or nucleus
6 steroid hormones
aldosterone, cortisol, androgens = adrenal cortex
estrogen, progesterone, testosterone = gonads
amino acid hormones
1. hormone binds ___ (__ protein)
2. receptor activates __ protein
3. G protein activates ____
4. which converts __ to __
5. which activates protein ___ (__ protein kinase and __ protein kinase)
6. phosphorylated proteins trigger responses of ___
- receptor (G protein)
- G
- adenylate cyclase
- ATP to cAMP
- kinases (active and inactive)
- target cell
hormones bind to what
the coupled receptor
steroid hormones
1. the steroid hormone diffuses through the ___ and binds an ___ receptor
2. the receptor hormone complex enters the ___
3. the receptor hormone complex binds a specific __ region
4. binding initiates transcription of the gene to __
5. which directs ___
- plasma membrane, intracellular
- nucleus
- DNA
- mRNA
- protein synthesis
what determines strength of the signal
amount of available hormone (amount released and rate of breakdown)
number of receptors
