London

Question 1

Character of the area?
Status
Wealth
Global importance
People

Answer 1

World city status

6th richest place on earth

Global financial centre

Pop. decline from 8.6mil in 1939 to 6.8mil in 1981 (counter-urbanisation + deindustrialisation) - been increasing since

Question 2

Patterns of economic well-being?
Prices
Wealthiest
Incomes

Answer 2

Average house price London = £514 000, compared to £272 000 UK

Richest 10% have 60% of all assets

Incomes more unequal than any other region of UK

Question 3

Patterns of economic well-being: solutions?
London families
Jobs

Answer 3

Regeneration bringing growth to areas once in decline - 10 000 London families benefit

“Workplace” scheme, Newham supported 20 000 residents into jobs

Question 4

Patterns of social well-being?
Air pollution
Unemployment
Housing

Answer 4

5.3% of all deaths over 25 yrs old linked to air pollution - Kensington and Chelsea and Westminster have highest rates

Male unemployment, East End, early 1980s = 60%

Docklands failed to meet East End social needs - affordable housing + appropriate employment

Question 5

Patterns of social well-being - solutions?
Regeneration
Education
Programme

Answer 5

LTGDC (London Thames Gateway Dev. Corporation) - East End regeneration from 2004-2013

London pupils do better than rest of UK (62% London, 55% UK)

Newham, “Every Child” programme - offers chance to learn musical instrument, participate in cultural events, have universal free school meal

Question 6

Physical environmental conditions - nature and impact?

Answer 6

Urban heat island -> centre 10 degrees C warmer than rural areas

Low lying and clay (15% London on a floodplain), tidal, high rainfall -> threat of flooding

Question 7

Environmental sustainability?

Answer 7

Congestion charge 2003 - reduce pollution + congestion

Clean Air Act 1956

Hybrid buses, 1400 electric car charging stations

Cycle super highway - 173% increase in plain bike use since 2001, 400% by 2025

London 2012 = Greenest Games/most sustainable in history

Question 8

Experience and attitude of population?

Answer 8

Diverse - 300+ languages spoken, 37% London ethnic minorities

16mil tourists - most visited city in world

Headquarters of TNCs located here

World leader in terms of medical, legal, university facilities