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French Wine Scholar > Loire Valley > Flashcards

Loire Valley Flashcards

1
Q

Other than the Loire river, what are the other 2 primary rivers of the Lower Loire?

A

Le Sevre Nantaise
&
Le Petite Maine

AKA - Sevre & Maine

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2
Q

What defines “Caillotes”?

A

Little limestone pebbles

One of 3 soil types in the Centre Loire

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3
Q

What is “Passerillage”?

A

Passerillage is the technique of allowing grapes to wither and dry on the vine by pinching/twisting the stem

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4
Q

What style of wine is Coteaux de Saumur AOC?

A

It is a sweet, botrytized dessert wine

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5
Q

Which sweet wine producing sub-region lies within the Anjou Zone of Production?

A

Layon

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6
Q

What are the 3 distinct soil types in the Centre Loire?

A

Terres Blanches
Caillotes
Silex

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7
Q

The Pineau de la Loire grape is more commonly known as?

A

Chenin Blanc

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8
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rose-de-Loire AOC?

A

This is a dry rose’ made anywhere in the middle Loire

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9
Q

What 3 AOC’s in the Centre Loire make white wine only?

A

Pouilly-Fumé
Pouilly-Sur-Loire
Quincy

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10
Q

Which Loire sub-regions have a wholly continental climate?

A

The Centre and Upper Loire

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11
Q

What is the synonym for Cabernet Franc?

A

Breton

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12
Q

What is the difference between Cabernet d’Anjou and Cabernet de Saumur?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou is sweeter it must contain a minimum of 1% RS
Cabernet de Saumur must contain less than 1% RS

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13
Q

What two Centre Loire AOC’s are located on the Cher river?

A

Quincy & Reuilly

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14
Q

What is the principle red grape of Touraine?

A

Cabernet Franc (Breton)

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15
Q

What is “Mousseux”?

A

Mousseux means frothy or bubbly

These are Methode Traditionelle wines with at least 3 atmospheres of pressure

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16
Q

What Loire wine region is known for Kimmeridgean limestone?

A

The Centre Loire

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17
Q

What defines the term “Fines Bulles”?

A

It translates to fine bubbles and is a general term for all Loire sparkling wines

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18
Q

What category of Loire Sparkling wine does not have an aging requirement?

A

Petillant

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19
Q

The Muscadet grape is also known as?

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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20
Q

What 2 grapes dominate the Middle Loire?

A 
Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire)
Cabernet Franc (Breton)
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21
Q

What style of wine is made in the Anjou Coteaux de la Loire AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wines

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22
Q

The term “Silex” refers to?

A

Flint soils found in the Centre Loire

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23
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Pinot Noir

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24
Q

Which Middle Loire AOC is a Monopole?

A

Savennieres Coulee de Serrant

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25
Q

What style of wine is made in the Cabernet d’Anjou AOC?

A

Off-dry to sweet rosé made from both Cabernets

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26
Q

What Loire wine is frequently aged Sur Lie?

A

Muscadet

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27
Q

What is “Petillant”

A

The term means fizzy

These are Methode Traditionelle wines with 1 - 2.5 atmospheres of pressure

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28
Q

Where is Vouvray located?

A

Touraine (Middle Loire)

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29
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rose d’Anjou AOC?

A

Off dry rose’ made primarily of Grolleau

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30
Q

What is “Tuffeau”?

A

A porous chalk/limestone soil

Found in parts of the Middle Loire

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31
Q

What is “Terres Blanches”?

A

A marl rich in oyster fossils, one of three soils found in the Centre Loire

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32
Q

The Folle Blanche grape is also known as?

A

Gros Plant

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33
Q

For what type of wine is Saumur known for?

A

Sparkling

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34
Q

In which Loire sub-region is the Pays Nantes located?

A

Lower Loire

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35
Q

What 3 white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?

A

Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne)
Folle Blanch (Gros Plant)
Pinot Gris

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36
Q

What area of the Loire has volcanic soils?

A

The Lower Loire

Gneiss dominates the top soils, igneous rock the sub-soils

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37
Q

What is the primary white grape of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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38
Q

What style of wine is made in the Vouvray AOC?

A

Dry, off-dry and sweet white wines from Chenin Blanc

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39
Q

What is the principal grape used in rosé production in the Middle Loire?

A

Grolleau

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40
Q

What soil type gives wines a unique gun-flint/smoky finish?

A

Silex

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41
Q

What are the primary red grapes of the Upper Loire?

A

Pinot Noir

Gamay

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42
Q

Savennieres is best known for?

A

Dry Chenin Blanc, but Moelleux and Doux versions are also produced

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43
Q

What is Touraine Primeur?

A

A wine made from Gamay using semi-carbonic maceration

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44
Q

What style of wine is made in the Coteaux du Layon AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

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45
Q

What grape is used to make sweet wine in the Middle Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc

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46
Q

What grape variety is used in Cour-Cheverny AOC?

A

Romorantin

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47
Q

What are the grapes of the Chinon AOC?

A 
Cabernet Franc (Breton)
Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire)
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48
Q

What style of wine is made in the Bonnezeaux AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

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49
Q

What are the 3 Cru’s of the Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC?

A

Clisson
Gorges
Le Pallet

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50
Q

How long must Loire Crémant spend aging on its lees?

A

12 Months (vs 9 months for most other regions in France)

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51
Q

The Gros Plant grape is also known as?

A

Folle Blanche

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52
Q

What are the two principle white grapes grown in the Lower Loire sub-region around Pays Nantes

A

Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne)

Gros Plant

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53
Q

Who introduced formal viticulture into the Loire Valley and in what century?

A

The Romans in the 1st century AD

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54
Q

Who was the power couple of the Loire in 1152?

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine
Henry Plantagenet
Parents of Richard the Lionhearted

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55
Q

What did Jeanne d’Arc do in 1429 during the middle ages in Chinon in the Loire Valley?

A

She persuaded the Dauphin of France to defy the English

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56
Q

In the 15th to 17th century what did the French Nobility do in the Loire?

A

They began building the over 300 Chateaus along the Loire River (Golden Age)

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57
Q

What was the impact of Phylloxera on the Loire Valley?

A

The Loire Valley was one of the last areas to get hit and last to recover.
This put the Loire Valley behind the other regions once they recovered

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58
Q

What were the 3 challenges that the vignerons faced in the 18th century in the Loire?

A

The railway system
Phylloxera
The French Revolution

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59
Q

What are the advantages of having vineyards near a river?

A

Rivers will provide 2 - 4 degrees more warmth to the vineyards

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60
Q

From west to east what are the 4 sub-regions of the Loire Valley?

A

Pays Nantais
Anjou & Saumur
Touraine
Upper & Center Loire

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61
Q

Describe the Loire river…

A

Very shallow in general
Depth can vary greatly
Very difficult to navigate

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62
Q

What is the climate of the Lower Loire?

A

Maritime

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63
Q

What is the climate of the middle Loire?

A

Maritime with continental influences

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64
Q

What is the climate of the Center Loire?

A

Continental

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65
Q

What is the climate of the Upper Loire?

A

Continental

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66
Q

What region of the Loire is Pays Nantes in?

A

The lower Loire

Warming ocean influences with 2,000 hours of annual sunshine make it the warmest and sunniest area in the Loire

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67
Q

What is the main soil type in the Loire sub-region of Pays Nantes

A

Gneiss, a metamorphic rock

Very free draining which is good for this wet area

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68
Q

In the Loire what is the synonym for the Muscadet Grape?

A

Melon d’ Bourgogne

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69
Q

What grapes is Muscadet a cross of?

A

Gouis Blanc & Pinot

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70
Q

What is the Synonym for Gros Plant?

A

Folle Blanche

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71
Q

What are the 7 Muscadet AOC’s in the Loire Valley?

A 
Muscadet AOC
Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC
      - Clisson (Grand Cru)
      - Gorges (Grand Crus)
      - Le Pellet (Grand Cru)
Muscadet-Coteaux de la Loire AOC
Muscadet-Cotes de Grandlieu AOC
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72
Q

Which of the Muscadet AOC’s in the Loire Valley produces the most wine?

A

Muscadet-Sevre et Maine AOC

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73
Q

In the Loire Valley what are the Sevre & Maine?

A

Rivers

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74
Q

In the Loire Valley which of the Muscadet AOC’s can be labeled Sur Lie?

A

Muscadet AOC
Muscadet-Sevre at Maine AOC
Muscadet-Coteaux de la Loire AOC
Muscadet-Cotes de Grandlieu AOC

NOT THE GRAND CRUS

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75
Q

What are the Lees?

A

Dead yeast cells

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76
Q

What characteristics are added to the wine if it is left in contact with the Lees (Sur Lie)?

A

Added creaminess to the mouthfeel

Comes from the Mano-proteins released by the yeast

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77
Q

What are the 4 main areas in the Middle Loire?

A

Anjou
Layon
Saumur
Touraine

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78
Q

What are the 2 main grapes of the Middle Loire?

A 
Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire)
Cabernet Franc (Breton)
79
Q

What are the synonyms of Chenin Blanc in the Loire Valley?

A

Pineau de la Loire

Gros Pineau

80
Q

What are the 2 main soils of the Middle Loire?

A

Tuffeau

Schist

81
Q

What is the Synonym of Cabernet Franc?

82
Q

What is the soil Tuffeau, found in the Loire Valley?

A

Turonian Chalk formed 89-93 mya

83
Q

Name the Chenin AOC’s of the middle Loire…

A 
Anjou Blanc AOC
Savennieres AOC
Saumur Blanc AOC
Montloius-Sur-Loire AOC
Vouvray AOC
Coteaux du Loir AOC
84
Q

Name the Cabernet Franc AOC’s of the Middle Loire…

A

Chinon AOC
Bourgueil AOC
St-Nicholas-de-Bourgueil

85
Q

What grapes are used in the Touraine Blanc AOC?

A 
Sauvignon Blanc (primary) min 80%
Some Sauvignon Gris
86
Q

What are the Layon AOC’s that use botrytized Chenin in their wine?

A 
Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire
Bonnezeaux
Coteaux de Layon
Coteaux du Layon - Chaume 1er Crus
Coteaux de Layon + Village
Coteaux de L'Aubance
Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru
87
Q

Which is the only one of the sweet AOC’s to lie outside of Layon?

A

Coteaux de la Loire

88
Q

Which of the sweet Layon AOC’s has the highest minimum RS requirement?

A

Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOC

89
Q 
What is the principle grape and sweetness level of the following AOC's:
Savennieres
Vouvray
Montlouis-Sur-Loire
Chinon
Bourgueil
A

Savennieres - Chenin Blanc, Dry but Demi-Sec, Moelluex and Doux: Still
Vouvray - Chenin Blanc, Dry, semi-sweet; still or sparkling
Montlouis - Same as Vouvray
Chinon- Cabernet Franc, dry
Bourgueil - Same as Chinon

90
Q

What are the names of the 2 AOC’s in Savennieres in the Loire Valley?

A

Coulee de Serrant

La Rouch Aux Moines

91
Q

Which of the 2 Savennieres AOC’s is a monopole?

A

Coulee de Serrant

92
Q

What grape is grown in Cour-Cheverny AOC on the east side of Touraine?

A

Romorantin

93
Q

What grapes are grown in Cheverny AOC on the east side of Touraine?

A

Primary Whites - Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris

Primary Reds - Pinot Noir

94
Q

What are the rose’s sweetness levels in the Loire Valley?

A

Rose de Loire - max .3% RS
Cabernet de Saumur - max .7% RS
Rose d’Anjou - min .7% RS
Cabernet d’Anjou - min 1% RS

95
Q

T or F? Rose’ in the Loire Valley can be made by both saignee and direct press methods

96
Q

What grape is permitted in Rosé de Loire but not Rosé d’Anjou?

A

Pinot Noir

97
Q

What grape variety is allowed in Rosé d’Anjou but not Rosé de Loire?

98
Q

Name the AOC’s of the Middle Loire that will permit rosés?

A 
Bourgueil AOC
St-Nicholas-de Bourgueil AOC
Chinon AOC
Coteaux du Loir AOC
Touraine AOC
99
Q

What is the difference between Petillants, Mousseux and Crémant de la Loire?

A

The pressure and aging
Petillant - 1 -2.5 atms
Mousseaux - min 3 atms less production standards than Crémant with a min of 9 months sur lie aging
Crémant - 6 atms min 12 month on lees and 1 month in bottle

100
Q

What are the 2 biggest AOC areas in the Centre Loire?

A

Sancerre

Poully Fume

101
Q

What are the sparkling AOC’s in the Loire?

A 
Crémant de la Loire AOC
Anjou Mousseux AOC
Saumur Mousseux AOC
Touraine Mousseux & Petillant AOCs
Montlouis-Sur-Loire Mousseux & Petillant AOCs
Vouvray Mousseux and Petillant  AOCs
102
Q

What are the 3 soil types of the Centre Loire?

A

Terres Blanches - Limestone rich marls
Caillottes - Limestone gravels
Silex - Flint

103
Q

What are Kimmeridgean soils?

A

Limestone rich marls

104
Q 
What are the principle grapes and sweetness levels of the following Centre Loire AOC's?
Sancerre:
Pouilly-Fume:
Pouilly-Sur-Loire:
Menetou-Salon:
Reuilly:
Quincy:
A

Sancerre: Sauvignon Blanc (white) Pinot Noir (red). Red and rose are dry

Pouilly-Fume: Sauvignon Blanc - Dry

Pouilly-Sur-Loire: Chasselas, some Sauvignon Blanc - Dry

Menetou-Salon: Sauvignon Blanc (white) Pinot Noir (red). Red and rose are dry

Reuilly: Sauvignon Blanc (white), Pinot Noir (red), Pinot Noir & Pinot Gris (rose’) - all dry

Quincy: Sauvignon Blanc - Dry

105
Q

Where in the Loire Valley is Muscadet found?

A

The Lower Loire

106
Q

How long is the Loire River?

107
Q

With who and when did viticulture begin in the Loire Valley?

A

Began in the 1st century AD by the Romans

108
Q

During the middle ages the Loire valley became the dividing line between who?

A

The Latin influenced south and the Celtic/Germanic north

109
Q

Who maintained the vineyards of the Loire Valley from the middle ages to the 17th century?

A

The Augustinian and Benedictine monks

110
Q

Who were the key customers for Loire wine during the 1600’s?

A

England and the Netherlands

111
Q

What were the first Loire AOC’s to receive AOC status in 1936?

A

Quincy, Anjou, Muscadet, Sancerre and Vouvray

112
Q

What are the Loire Valley’s wine production stats?

A

75% AOC
14% IGP
11% Vins Sans IG

113
Q

Where is the Loire Valley wine region located?

A

North of Cognac
South of Normandy
East of the Atlantic
West of Bourgogne and the Massif Central

114
Q

How does the gulf stream effect impact the Loire?

A

Mild & warm air reaches all the way to Orleans on the soft gulf stream breeze

115
Q

Is chaptilization allowed in the Loire Valley?

A

Yes, but only in certain years and under certain circumstances

116
Q

What is the only grape allowed for dessert wines in the Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc

117
Q

What are the 2 methods of rose production in the Loire Valley?

A
  1. Direct press with 1 -4 hrs of skin contact in the press

2. Saignee method, crushed grapes undergo about 12 hrs of skin contact

118
Q

What are the sparkling wines in the Loire Valley called?

A

“Fines Bulles”

119
Q

Vineyards flanking a river are how much warmer than vineyards that do not?

A

2-4 degrees

120
Q

What percentage of the Loire’s total production is AOC level?

121
Q

T or F? All Loire Valley sparkling wine is made according to the Methode Traditionelle..

122
Q

Where are the vineyards located in the Lower Loire Valley?

A

6 - 60 miles from the coast on flat or slightly south facing plots

123
Q

What 2 rivers bisect the Lower Loire Valley?

A

The Sevre and Maine Rivers

124
Q

What is the type of soil in the Lower Loire?

A

Most topsoil consists of Gneiss a very porous rock that provides critical drainage

The Subsoil is crystalline (quartz) igneous rocks, very high in minerals

125
Q

Savenniers is located in what Loire sub-region?

126
Q

What is the principle red grape of the Middle Loire?

A

Cabernet Franc (Breton)

127
Q

T or F? Chardonnay is grown in the Loire Valley..

128
Q

T or F? Sancerre produces red wine from Gamay?

129
Q

Does Cour-Cheverny produce white wine from Sauvignon Blanc?

A

No, it uses Romorantin

130
Q

Where will you find Kimmeridgean soil in the Loire Valley?

A

Centre Loire

131
Q 
What are the synonyms for the following grapes:
Muscadet:
Chenin Blanc:
Malbec:
Cabernet Franc:
Gros Plant:
A 
Muscadet: Melon d' Bourgogne
Chenin Blanc: Pineau de la Loire, Gros Pineau
Malbec: Cot
Cabernet Franc: Breton
Gros Plant: Folle Blanche
132
Q

What area is the single largest producer of sparkling wine in the Loire?

133
Q

What is the largest AOC in the Loire Valley?

134
Q

T or F? Romorantin is a red grape..

135
Q

Where is the Reuilly AOC located and on top of what type of soil?

A

It flanks the Cher River on top of Kimmeridgean soil

136
Q

Sancerre AOC produces what type of wines?

A

White, red and rosé

137
Q

Quincy AOC only makes whites from what 2 grapes?

A

Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris

138
Q

Pouilly-Fume AOC only makes whites from what grape?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

139
Q

T or F? All Loire Valley AOC’s are permitted to make Crémant …

140
Q

What are the wine areas of the Loire valley from west to east?

A 
Pays Nantes
Anjou
Layon
Saumur Touraine
Sancerre
141
Q

Gneiss and igneous/volcanic rock is found in what part of the Loire Valley?

A

Pays Nantes

142
Q

T or F? Reuilly makes red, white and rose’ wines…

143
Q

What soil types are found throughout the Center Loire?

A 
Caillottes 
Sand
Kimmeridgean Soil
Silex
Terres Blanches
144
Q

What is the soil type Caillotes?

A

Little limestone pebbles

Produces wines of less structure

145
Q

What is the soil type of Silex?

A

Flint
Produces wines of vibrant acidity
It adds a a unique gunflint/smokey finish

146
Q

What is the soil type Terres Blanches?

A

A marl rich in oyster fossils

Produces wines of vibrant acidity

147
Q

What are the 3 distinct soil types sitting on top of the base Kimmeridgean limestone in the Centre Loire?

A

Terres Blanches
Caillottes
Silex

148
Q

What is the climate of the Centre Loire?

A

Continental Climate

Largest diurnal and seasonal temperature swings of the 4 Loire sub-regions

149
Q

What are the primary red and white grapes of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Pinot Noir

150
Q

What are the synonyms of the following grapes?:

Pinot Noir:
Cabernet Franc:
Chenin Blanc:
Malbec:
Pinot Meunier:
A 
Pinot Noir: Auvernat Noir
Cabernet Franc: Breton
Chenin Blanc: Pineau de la Loire
Malbec: Cot
Pinot Meunier: Gris Meunier
151
Q

T or F? The Dominant red grape of the Middle Loire is Cabernet Sauvignon…

A

False it is Cabernet Franc

152
Q

Rose de la Loire is always dry?

153
Q

What grape does the Touraine AOC craft whites from?

A

Sauvignon Blanc & Sauvignon Gris

154
Q

Of the 3 sparkling methods - Petillant, Mousseaux & Crémant which has the longest aging requirements?

155
Q

T or F? Vouvray and Montlouis-Sur-Loire are white only AOC’s?

156
Q

Most of the sweet wines of Anjou flank what river?

157
Q

Describe Crémant in the Loire Valley..

A

Made according to the Method Traditionelle
Must spend 12 months aging Sur Lie plus 1 month in the bottle before release
Only Loire sparkling wine with regulations concerning pressings

158
Q

Describe Mousseux in the Loire Valley..

A

Made according to the Methode Traditionelle
Has a min of 3 atms of pressure
Most have 9 months Sur Lie
Mousseux means frothy and fizzy

159
Q

Describe Petillant in the Loire Valley..

A

Made according to the Method Traditionelle
Sparkling wine with about 1/2 the pressure as Mousseux or Crémant
Delicate sparkling with 1 -2.5 atms
Petillant means fizzy

160
Q

What is the primary grape of the dry white AOC Cour-Cheverny?

A

Romorantin

161
Q

T or F? In the Vouvray AOC the sweet wines must be affected by Botrytis

A

False it is optional

162
Q

Volumetrically, what is the largest red wine producing AOC in the Loire Valley?

A

Chinon AOC

163
Q 
What are the following grapes also known as in Touraine?:
Cabernet Franc:
Pinot Noir:
Malbec:
Pinot Meunier:
A

Cabernet Franc: Breton
Pinot Noir: Auvernat Noir
Malbec: Cot
Pinot Meunier: Gris Meunier

164
Q

What are the soil types of the Middle Loire region of Touraine?

A

Tuffeau
Perruche (flint & clay)
Aubuis (limestone & clay)

165
Q

Describe the Savennieres area within the Middle Loire..

A

Located on the right bank
Has schist, slate and clay soils
Produces Frances most age worthy whites

166
Q

What are the 6 AOC’s along the Layon River that produce sweet wine from Botrytized Chenin Blanc?

A 
Bonnezeau AOC
Coteaux du Layon AOC
Coteaux du Layon + Village AOC
Coteaux du Layon Chaume 1er Crus
Coteaux de L'Aubance AOC
Quarts de Chaume AOC
167
Q

What 2 items are the sweet wines from Anjou always?

A
  1. Chenin Blanc

2. Botrytized

168
Q

What are the 2 major soil types in the Middle Loire region of Anjou?

A
  1. Dark Schist

2. Tuffeau (white chalk)

169
Q

What are the 4 primary red grapes of the Middle Loire?

A
  1. Cabernet Franc (Cot)
  2. Cabernet Sauvignon
  3. Gamay
  4. Pinot Noir
170
Q

What are the 2 major white grapes of the Middle Loire?

A
  1. Chenin Blanc

2. Sauvignon Blanc

171
Q

What is the best sun exposure direction for vineyards in the Middle Loire?

172
Q

What type of climate does the Middle Loire have?

A

Maritime with climate from the Lower Loire with continental influences from the Centre and Upper Loire

173
Q

What area in the Loire Valley produces the largest amount of sparkling wine?

174
Q

What is Layon famous for in the Middle Loire?

A

Sweet wine production

175
Q

What style of wine is made in the Chaume and Quarts de Chaume AOC’s?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

176
Q

What is Touraine Noble-Joué?

A

A Vin Gris made primarily from Pinot Meunier

177
Q

What Centre Loire AOC produces wines from Chasselas?

A

Pouilly-Sur-Loire

178
Q

What style of wine is produced in Layon?

A

Sweet wine affected by Noble Rot

179
Q

Describe the Muscadet-Coteaux de la Loire AOC..

A

It is the smallest of the Muscadet AOC’s

Located north of Nantes on both sides of the Loire River

180
Q

From west to east what are the 4 major wine areas within the Middle Loire sub-region?

A
  1. Anjou
  2. Layon
  3. Saumur
  4. Touraine
181
Q

What 2 grapes dominate the Middle Loire?

A
  1. Chenin Blanc

2. Cabernet Franc

182
Q

What area does the regional AOC Muscadet AOC cover and what percentage of the Muscadet region does it cover?

A

Muscadet AOC covers all of the Pays Nantais

It produces 20% of the Muscadet

183
Q

What are the red grapes grown in the Lower Loire?

A 
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Gamay
Negrette
Pinot Noir
184
Q

What are the secondary white grapes in the Lower Loire?

A
  1. Chardonnay
  2. Chenin Blanc aka Pineau de la Loire & Gros Pineau
  3. Pinot Gris aka Malvoisie
  4. Sauvignon Blanc
185
Q

What are the 2 primary grapes of the Lower Loire?

A
  1. Muscadet aka Melon de Bourgogne
    It is a Gouais Blanc x Pinot cross from Bourgogne
  2. Folle Blanche aka Gros Plant
    Gouais is one of its parents
186
Q

What are the Autumns like in the Lower Loire Valley?

A

Warm and mild with occasional rainstorms that can be detrimental at harvest time

187
Q

What are the summers like in the Lower Loire Valley?

A

Warm and mild with plenty of sunshine

High humidity can cause rot and mildew outbreaks

188
Q

What are the springs like in the Lower Loire Valley?

A

Springs are cool and damp, often cloudy

Sunshine hours build as spring progresses into summer

189
Q

What are winters like in the Lower Loire Valley?

A

Winters are cold and quite damp, very little snowfall

The biggest threats to the vine are frost and ice storms

190
Q

What are the hallmarks of a maritime climate?

A

Less significant seasonal temperature changes

Rainfall more evenly spread throughout the year

191
Q

What is the annual sunshine in the Lower Loire?

A

About 2,000 hrs

192
Q

What is the largest Muscadet AOC by size (acreage)?

A

Muscadet AOC

193
Q

T or F? All Muscadet AOC’s can age their wines Sur Lie…

194
Q

T or F? Anjou Gamay AOC can also be vinified as “Primeur”

A

True - like Beaujolais Primeur

French Wine Scholar (15 decks)

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