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French Wine Scholar > Loire > Flashcards

Loire Flashcards

1
Q

What is sparkling wine known as in the Loire?

A

Fines bulles

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2
Q

What key historical event occurred in 1429?

A

Joan of Arc travelled to Chinon to persuade future King Charles VII to accept the French crown.

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3
Q

What key wine regulation was passed in 1577?

A

The Parliament of Paris passed a decree requiring all wine merchants to purchase their supplies from vineyards more than twenty leagues outside the capital.

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4
Q

Percentages of white, rose, red and sparkling wine in the Loire?

A

44% white, 25% rose, 18% red, 13% sparkling

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5
Q

Approximately how long is the Loire River?

A

1000 km (620 miles)

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6
Q

Where does the Loire River originate and empty respectively?

A

The Loire River originates at the base of Mont Gerbier de Jonc in the Massif Central’s Cevennes Mountains, and it empties into the Bay of Biscay

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7
Q

Broadly speaking, what are the three main regions of the Loire and their respective climates?

A

Pays Nantais (Lower Loire) - Maritime climate

Anjou, Saumur and Touraine (Middle Loire) - Maritime with continental influences

Centre-Loire and Upper Loire - Continental climate

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8
Q

Which two Loire sub-regions lie within the Massif Armoricain?

A
  1. Pays Nantais
  2. Anjou
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9
Q

Which two Loire sub-regions lie within the Paris Basin?

A
  1. Touraine
  2. Centre-Loire
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10
Q

Which landform does the Upper Loire lie in?

A

Massif Central

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11
Q

Which two grape varieties are usually picked last in the Loire?

A

Cabernet Franc and late-harvest Chenin Blanc

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12
Q

3 winemaking techniques that characterize most white wine vinification in the Loire Valley?

A
  1. Reductive winemaking
  2. Block malo
  3. Age on lees
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13
Q

3 highest-production categories in the Loire?

A
  1. AOC (83.5%)
  2. IGP (9%)
  3. VdF (7.5%)
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14
Q

Two main climactic threats in Pays Nantais?

A
  1. April frosts
  2. High humidity creates disease pressure

Maritime climate, influenced by Atlantic ocean winds

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15
Q

What is the main characteristic of soils in the Muscadet production areas of Pays Nantais?

A

Weathering and erosion have lefthem free-draining, helping to counteract the abundant water in the area and producing a multiplicity of mineral nuances

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16
Q

What is the key difference between the Muscadet AOC and the Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC?

A

Muscadet AOC is not allowed to produce wines sur lie

Muscadet AOC produces less wine - only 20% of all Muscadet produced

17
Q

What is the origin of the name Muscadet Sevre et Maine?

A

The name comes from two Loire tributaries - Sevre Nantaise and the Maine

18
Q

How many DGCs were there in Muscadet Sevre et Maine as of 2019?

A

7 (2 more are in the queue)

19
Q

Key labelling restriction for Muscadet Sevre et Maine DGCs and why?

A

They cannot put the term sur lie on the labels (despite having a longer minimum sur lie aging requirement.

Wines labelled sur lie must be bottled between March 1 and December 31 of the year after harvest, and the DGCs have a longer lees aging requirement than this

20
Q

2 key differences between Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOC and the other Muscadet AOCs?

A
  1. The vines are mostly planted on hillsides, while the others are mostly on relatively flat terrain
  2. Farthest away from the sea

Also the smallest Muscadet AOC

21
Q

Key trait of the Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu wines?

A

Sea breezes chase away storm clouds and confer a touch of salinity to the wines

22
Q

What kind of wine is produced in the Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOC?

A

Dry white wines made from Folle Blanche, which locally is known as Gros Plant

Gros Plant means big plant - the vine is vigorous and high yielding

23
Q

Soil type in the Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOC?

A

Sandy soils peppered with gravel and granite

24
Q

What is the local name for Pinot Gris?

25
Q

What 3 grape varieties are permitted in Coteaux d Ancenis? Which is the most planted?

A

Gamay, Pinot Gris and Cab Franc. Gamay is the most-planted and accounts for 65% of plantings.

26
Q

What are the five DGCs of Fiefs Vendeens AOC?

A

Brem, Chantonnay, Mareuil, Pissotte or Vix

Fiefs Vendeens labels must always include a DGC

27
Q

What white grape accounts for the majority of white wine blends in the Fiefs Vendeens AOC?

A

Chenin Blanc

28
Q

Which red grapes are dominant in each of the DGCs within the Fiefs Vendeens AOC?

A

Brem and Pissotte - Pinot Noir

Chantonnay, Mareuil and Vix - Cab Franc

Nearly 80% of the vineyards are planted to red grapes!

29
Q

What blend is used for roses in the Fiefs Vendeens AOC?

A

Gamay/Pinot Noir blend

French Wine Scholar (4 decks)

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