Logical Fallacies List #2

Question 0

This fallacy attempts to compare two things that are not enough alike for that assumption to be sound.
Ex: The phone company’s discontinuation of my telephone service was unfair, because even a criminal gets a phone call.

Answer 0

False Analogy

Question 1

Writers guilty of this fallacy assume there are only two sides to an issue, ignoring all alternative viewpoints.
Ex: Either we stop using nuclear power for energy or we face certain disaster in the future.

Answer 1

Either or/If then

Question 2

Makes an assumption about a whole group of cases based on a sample that is inadequate (usually because it is atypical or just too small). Stereotypes about people are a common example of the principle underlying it. 
Ex: My roommate said her philosophy class is hard, and the one I'm in is hard, too. All philosophy classes must be hard.

Answer 2

Hasty Generalization

Question 3

The arguer claims that a sort of chain reaction, usually ending in some dire consequences, will take place, but there’s really not enough evidence for that assumption. The arguer asserts that even taking one step will end up with us sliding all the way to the bottom; he or she assumes we can’t stop halfway down the hill.
Ex: Rob Lowe’s Direct TV commercials

Answer 3

Slippery Slope

Question 4

Often we add strength to our arguments by referring to respected sources or authorities and explaining their positions on the issues we’re discussing. If, however, we try to get readers to agree with us simple by impressing them with a famous name or by appealing to a supposed authority who really isn’t much of an expert, we commit this fallacy.

Answer 4

Appeal to Authority