Logical Fallacies exam 1 Flashcards
Ad Hominem
Claims that attack a person rather than an argument.
Anecdotal
Rather than providing facts, these fallacies use personal experiences as evidence.
Appeal to Tradition
Claims that something must be done a certain way because it always has been done that way.
Bandwagon
Claims that everyone believes something to be true
Burden of Proof
Claims that suggest something is true because no one has proven it false.
Circular Reasoning
Claims that mistakes a cause for an effect.
Either/Or Reasoning
Claims that assume that there are only two options.
False Analogy
Claims that assume that because two things are a like in one way that they may be like in other ways.
Hasty Generalization
Claims that are based on too little evidence.
Oversimplification
Claims that leave out relevant considerations of an issue.
Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
Translates to “because of this, there is that.” A claim falsely assumes that one event followed another.
Non Sequitur
This translates to “it does not follow.” This claim makes a conclusion that does not follow the premise.
Straw Man
This is a claim that persuades someone to look at a problem that is not at issue.
