Logical Fallacies

Question 1

Affirming the consequent

Answer 1

If A=C, the C=A

Flipping the equation does not work in life as it does in math

Question 2

Appeal to bandwagon

Answer 2

Peer pressure

Doing it simply because everyone else is

Question 3

Appeal to consequences

Answer 3

An argument that concludes an idea based on its consequences; cause and effect
Wishful thinking

Question 4

Appeal to fear

Answer 4

Creating a fear based on zero actuality or fact

Question 5

Appeal to hypocrisy

Answer 5

Diverting attention way from the actual accusation

Question 6

Appeal to ignorance

Answer 6

Made up information when there is a lack of knowledge

Question 7

Circular

Answer 7

Rewording something that isn’t true to make it seem reasonable

Question 8

Composition and division

Answer 8

Composition: Believing something is true because it is true for a part of a whole
Division: believing something is true because it it true for the whole

Question 9

Equivocation

Answer 9

Using a word for a double meaning

Question 10

False dilemma

Answer 10

Because one statement is false the other must be true

Question 11

Genetic fallacy

Answer 11

Making conclusions based on someone’s history

Question 12

Guilt by association

Answer 12

Is exactly what it sounds like

A person’s argument is discredited because they might share similar beliefs as a negatively viewed

Question 13

Hasty generalization

Answer 13

Creating stereotypes based on a sample

Question 14

Irrelevant authority

Answer 14

Appeal to authority that is not an expert

Question 15

Not true scotsman

Answer 15

A claim that can be about anything

A definition isn’t distinctly defined so people can and will redefine things

Question 16

Slippery slope

Answer 16

Chain reaction of the worst case scenarios that creat a sense of fear

Question 17

Strawman

Answer 17

Boiling down an argument to simplified version that usually focuses on the one thing

Question 18

Cause for cause

Answer 18

A cause for an event but there is no evidence that the cause is true

Question 19

Ad Hominem

Answer 19

An argument that attacks a person’s character.
Focuses on their character instead of argument.
Abusive: whether or not the person is what is said does not impact argument or strengthen attacker’s position.
Circumstantial: attacks a person for cynical reasons; makes a judgement about their intentions