Logical Fallacies Flashcards
Using the audience feeling to convert them to a particular viewpoint pills to fear flattery order cool pity or spite of the most common forms of this appeal and some circumstances, appealing to a emotion may be appropriate, but riders should avoid appeals to emotion when reason and logic are expected or needed. Example: I’m sure someone with your best experience can see that Sandy it’s a better
Appeal to emotion
Claiming that it position is true because most people believe it example everyone cheats on their income tax so it must be all right
Appealed the bandwagon/popular opinion
Discrediting and argument I attacking the person who makes it rather than the argument and self sample don’t listen to Becky’s opinion I’m over she just supposed it because she is from a rich family
Attacking the person/ad hominem
Using a pre-mice to prove I think lesion when the Primus itself seems that the conclusion is true you handle these movies are popular because they make me so happy you make a lot of money because he polite them people like them because there’s a popular
Begging the question/circular reasoning
Claiming that because one event occurred before second, because it caused the second
False cause-and-effect post hoc
Suggesting only two solutions to a problem when other options are also available sample America love it or leave it
False dilemma /either or arguments
Introducing a unrelated or invalid point to distract the reader for that argument
Red herring
Assuming a chain of cause-and-effect relationships with very suspect connectionsexample if I give you a ticket and I have to give everyone a free ticket and my boss will get mad at buying me and I will be homeless so giving you a free ticket or make me homeless
Slippery slope
Attacking one of the oppositions unimportant or small argument annoying the oppositions best argumentExample the debate over drink machines centers around cost and choice. Opponents a new drink machines are you at their locations as an important issue this insignificant point has little relevance to actual point
Strawman
Excepting someone’s argument because of his or her authority in a field unrelated to the argument rather than evaluating the person’s argument on its own merits example: my dentist says she’s voting for the conservative candidate so I will too
Appeal to authority