Logical Fallacies Flashcards
If we allow gay marriage, then the government will allow people to marry animals, so we shouldn’t allow gay marriage.
This is an example of what type of logical fallacy?
A. Hasty generalization
B. Slippery Slope
C. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
D. Genetic Fallacy
Slippery Slope
Even though it’s only the first day, I can tell this is going to be a boring course.
This is an example of what type of fallacy?
A. Hasty generalization
B. Slippery Slope
C. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
D. Genetic Fallacy
Hasty generalization
This is a conclusion that assumes that if ‘A’ occurred after ‘B’ then ‘B’ must have caused ‘A.’
A. Hasty generalization
B. Slippery Slope
C. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
D. Genetic Fallacy
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
I ate ice cream and now I feel sick. So I must be sick because I ate ice cream.
Is this:
A. Hasty generalization
B. Slippery Slope
C. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
D. Genetic Fallacy
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
A conclusion is based on an argument that the origins of a person, idea, institute, or theory determine its character, nature, or worth.
Example: The Volkswagon is evil because it was originally designed by Hitler’s army.
A. Hasty generalization
B. Slippery Slope
C. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
D. Genetic Fallacy
Genetic Fallacy
The conclusion that the writer should prove is validated within the claim.
Example: Filthy and polluting coal should be banned.
A. Circular Argument
B. Begging the Claim
C. Either/or
D. Ad Hominem
Begging the Claim
This restates the argument rather than actually proving it.
Example: George Bush is a good communicator because he speaks effectively.
A. Circular Argument
B. Begging the Claim
C. Either/or
D. Ad Hominem
Circular Argument
This is a conclusion that oversimplifies the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices.
Ex: We can either stop using cars or destroy the earth.
A. Circular Argument
B. Begging the Claim
C. Either/or
D. Ad Hominem
Either/Or
This is an attack on the character of a person rather than their opinions or arguments.
Ex: Future Teachers Association is not a good org because the founder is a socialist.
A. Circular Argument
B. Ad Populem
C. Either/or
D. Ad Hominem
Ad Hominem
This is an emotional appeal that speaks to positive (such as patriotism, religion, democracy) or negative (such as terrorism or fascism) concepts rather than the real issue at hand.
Ex: If you were a true American you would not support gay marriage.
A. Circular Argument
B. Ad Populem
C. Red Herring
D. Ad Hominem
Ad Populem
This is a diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather than addressing them.
Ex: The conditions of factories for workers may be unsafe, but how will the economy continue rising if we don’t make cheap goods?
A. Red Herring
B. Ad Populem
C. Either/or
D. Ad Hominem
Red Herring
By misrepresenting someone’s argument to present your own position as being reasonable.
A. Red Herring
B. Anecdotal
C. Tu quo que
D. Strawman’s Argument
Strawman’s Argument
Presuming that because an argument was made poorly, the entire argument must be wrong.
The Fallacy Fallacy
Avoiding having to engage with criticism by turning it back on the accuser; answering criticism with criticism.
A. Red Herring
B. Ad Populem
C. Tu quo que
D. Ad Hominem
Tu quo que
Asking a question that has a presumption built into it so that it can’t be answered w/o appearing guilty.
Loaded question
