Logical Fallacies

Question 1

Hasty generalization

Answer 1

one person said it, this has to be right

Question 2

Post hoc

Answer 2

just because we saw something after we assumed causation

Question 3

Bandwagon

Answer 3

because it’s popular it must be right, most people are doing it therefore we should do it as well

Question 4

Straw person

Answer 4

how can I make my argument look stronger? look and set up some very weak opposing argument. My argument will look better because I’m comparing it to something illogical

Question 5

Slippery slope

Answer 5

one step is going to lead to many others, with fear, if one thing happened it’s basically the end of the world. Domino effect, it’s going to keep snowballing until it gets out of control. Ex. Marijuana as a gateway drug, cigarettes > marijuana > cocaine. Must nip it in the bud

Question 6

False dilemma

Answer 6

2 options are presented as if there is no option. Also the “either or” fallacy. These are the only 2 choices you have, limiting the true picture. Ex. Either you’re with us or against us, but maybe you have more of a decision than that

Question 7

Inappropriate emotional appeal

Answer 7

Trying to appeal to emotion, and have them pay less attention and ignore the facts or reasoning. Move them to act purely on emotional response, not logic. Ex. Make someone feel guilty, or blindsidedly happy without paying attention to fine print. Can be used with any type of emotion. So overwhelm a message to appeal to emotion.

Question 8

Ad Hominem

Answer 8

notion where you’re attacking the speaker rather than the argument itself, attack them versus what they are saying. Attacking source rather than the actual substance