Logical Fallacies

Question 1

Red Herring

Answer 1

Using information that is not relevant to the discussion.

Question 2

Slippery Slope

Answer 2

Snowball effect

Question 3

Strawman

Answer 3

Oversimplifying or exaggerating the other side’s argument.

Question 4

Ad Hominem

Answer 4

Attacking the opponent themself rather than the argument.

Question 5

Circular Reasoning

Answer 5

Restating the argument

Question 6

Bandwagon/Ad populum

Answer 6

Ex: If most people have this, you should too.

Question 7

Hasty Generalization

Answer 7

Generalizing about something without proper information to prove your point.

Question 8

Moral Equivalence

Answer 8

Comparing a small thing to a bigger thing to make a point.

Question 9

Begging the Claim

Answer 9

Conclusion is validated within the argument.

Question 10

False Authority/Appeal to authority

Answer 10

What it sounds like…

Question 11

Post Hoc Ergo- Propter Hoc

Answer 11

Connecting two unrelated things (cause and effect).

Question 12

No True-Scotsman

Answer 12

Ex: “If you were really a true Scotsman, you wouldn’t put sugar in your porridge.”

Question 13

Appeal to Tradition

Answer 13

This is better because it’s tradition.

Question 14

Appeal to Ignorance

Answer 14

Something which is true because it hasn’t been proven false.

Question 15

Loaded Language

Answer 15

Pathos

Question 16

False Analogy

Answer 16

Ex: “A & B are alike”, but they are not actually.

Question 17

False Dilemma

Answer 17

Either or- the possible illusion that there are only two choices.

Question 18

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 18

“forming specific conclusions from general premises”

Question 19

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 19

“forming general theories from specific observations”