Logical Fallacies

Question 1

This occurs when an arguer presents an argument as one of only two
options despite the presence of multiple possibilities.

Answer 1

False Dilemma

Question 2

Argumentum ad ignorantiam. This occurs when something is
instantly concluded to be true just because it is not proven to be
false, and vice versa.

Answer 2

Appeal to Ignorance

Question 3

This occurs when a series of increasingly superficial and unacceptable
consequences is drawn.

Answer 3

Slippery Slope

Question 4

This occurs when two or more points are rolled into one and the
reader is expected to either accept or reject both at the same time,
when one point may be satisfactory while the other is not.

Answer 4

Complex Question

Question 5

Argumentum ad baculum. This occurs when a threat, instead of
reasoning, is used to argue.

Answer 5

Appeal to Force

Question 6

Argumentum ad misericodiam. This occurs when the element of pity
is used instead of logical reasoning.

Answer 6

Appeal to Pity

Question 7

Any argument of the form: If A is true then B is true; If A is not true
then B is not true.

Answer 7

Denying the Antecedent

Question 8

Argumentum ad populum. This occurs when an argument is
considered to be valid because it is what the majority thinks.

Answer 8

Bandwagon

Question 9

This occurs when arguments contradict one
another.

Answer 9

Tu Quoque. Inconsistency

Question 10

This occurs when someone tries to refute an argument by attacking
the character of a person instead of attacking the ideas of the
argument.

Answer 10

Ad Hominem. Attacking the Person

Question 11

Argumentum ad verecundiam. This occurs when the argument
quotes an expert who is not qualified in the particular subject matter.

Answer 11

Appeal to Authority

Question 12

This occurs when the authority in question is not mentioned or
named.

Answer 12

Anonymous
Authority

Question 13

This occurs when a sample is not significant or enough to support a
generalization about a population.

Answer 13

Hasty Generalization

Question 14

This occurs when a writer assumes that two concepts that are similar
in some ways are also similar in other ways.

Answer 14

False Analogy

Question 15

This occurs when a general rule is applied to a situation, even when it
should be an exception.

Answer 15

Accident

Question 16

This occurs when the arguer claims that since event A happened
before event B, A is the cause of B.

Answer 16

Post Hoc

Question 17

This occurs when the direction between cause and effect is reversed.

Answer 17

Wrong Direction

Question 18

Ignoratio elenchi. This occurs when an argument which is supposed
to prove something concludes something else instead.

Answer 18

Irrelevant Conclusion

Question 19

This move oversimplifies an opponent’s viewpoint and then attacks
that hollow argument.

Answer 19

Straw Man