logical fallacies

Question 1

logical fallacies are

Answer 1

traps in thinking that can lead to mistaken conclusions

flawed, deceptive, or false arguments that can be proven wrong w reasoning

Question 2

appeal to authority

Answer 2

• error of accepting a claim merely because an authority figure endorses it

Question 3

genetic fallacy

Answer 3

error of confusing the correctness of a belief with its origins (genesis)

eg “freuds views about personality development cannot be right because freud’s thinking was shaped by sexist views popular at the time”

Question 4

argument from antiquity fallacy

Answer 4

error of assuming that a belief must be valid just because it has been around a long time

Question 5

argument from antiquity fallacy

Answer 5

error of assuming that a belief must be valid just because it has been around a long time

eg :there msut be something to the Rorschach Inkblot Test because psychologists have been using it for decades”

Question 6

argument from adverse consequences fallacy

Answer 6

error of confusing the validity of an idea with its potential real-world consequences

Question 7

appeal to ignorance fallacy

Answer 7

error of assuming that a claim must be true because no one has shown it to be false

Question 8

naturalistic fallacy

Answer 8

error of inferring a moral judgment from a scientific fact

“evolutionary psychologists say that sexual infidelity is a product of natural selection. therefore, sexual infidelity is ethically justifiable”

Question 9

hasty generalisation fallacy

Answer 9

error of drawing a conclusion on the basis of insufficient evidence

Question 10

circular reasoning fallacy

Answer 10

error of basing a claim on the same claim reworded in slightly different terms