Loftus + Palmer Flashcards

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1
Q

key theme + area

A

key theme = memory
area = cognitive psychology

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1
Q

background

A

eyewitness testimony - descriptions provided by individuals who have witnessed an event
- memory of an event - info gained at time + info gained after

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2
Q

procedure of experiment 1

A
  • 45 student ppts shown short video clips
  • split into 5 groups, 9ppts in each
    all asked “about how fast were the cars going when they …….. each - other”
  • each group given different verb; smashed, collided, bumped, hit, contacted
  • ppts took part to gain course credit
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2
Q

aim

A

to investigate the effect of information provided to a witness after an event will influence their memory of the event.

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3
Q

research method

A

2 lab experiments, independent measures
IV’s = verb used at the end of the critical question
DV = the estimate of speed or whether the ppt saw glass

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4
Q

procedure of experiment 2

A
  • 150 students shown a short film
  • split into 3 groups (50 in each)
  • one group asked - “how fast were the cars going when they hit each other “
  • second group asked “ how fast were the cars going when they smashed each other”
  • third group not asked any questions about the speed
  • on week later, ppts returned and asked “did you see any broken glass”
  • there was no broken glass in the film
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5
Q

results of experiment 1

A
  • how the questions were phrased influenced the ppts estimated speed.
  • when verb smashed used, ppts estimated that the cars were travelling much faster (40.8mph) than when the verb contacted was used (31.8mph)
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5
Q

results of experiment 2

A
  • verb used in the original question influenced whether the ppts thought they had seen broken glass.
  • 16 ppts in the smashed condition said they had seen broken glass compared to 7 in the hit condition and 6 in the co0ntrol condition
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6
Q

conclusion

A

wording of questions can alter witnesses memories of events

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