Locomotion, nerves, and muscles Flashcards
alternating tripod gait
- two front legs on one side another front leg on other side touching the ground?
big insect jumps
100 body lengths and velocity of m/s
two major flight muscle arrangements
How they work will def be on the test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- increasing pressure in the thorax cause wings to move up or down, longitudinal and latitudinal muscles determine
indirect flight muscles
asynchronous flight muscles
- muscle contractions happen rapidly wih no refractory period
What is a main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates
- ventral post-cephalic CNS
What is the part o fbrain that controls eyes
Protocerenrum
olfaction brain name
Deutocerebrum
communication to the rest of the nervous sys (brain and body)
tritocerebrum
mouth part control
subesophageal ganglion
striated muscles
regular arrangement of contratile filaents
- know thin and thick on this slide
REVIEW ACTIN AND MYOSIN FOR EXAM
neuron to muscle contraction
neuron <- action potential
chemical synapse at the neuromuscular junction
depolarization of muscle cell membrane = contraction
excitable cells have RESTING POTENTIAL due to more positive ions outside than inside
Vertebrate vs invertebrate muscle contraction
in vertebrates, it has to do with how many fibers in the muscle contract (a lot)
each muscular fiber comes in contact w only one neuron at neuralmuscular junction
acetylcholine
Synchronous
invertebrates have very few muscle fibers. they have more complex
polyneuronal at ea muscle fiber
local depolarization
L-glutamate
Asynchronous = muscle contracts many times after an action potential
What are the three types of neurons that can attach to
fast: goes to every muscle fiber
release large amounts of glutamate
slow: releases less glutamate than fast
inhibitory: Gabba … gamma amino butyric acid :P = hyperpolarizes the cell, making it more negative so glutamate can not depolarize it enough to cause a contraction
Why can insects carry things that are bigger than them
body weight rises more steeply (r^3) than muscle power (r^2) as body size is increased
