locomotion and proprioception

Question 1

what is proprioception

Answer 1

sense of the relative position of the body parts and whether/how they are moving
ensure posture is appropriate

Question 2

explain basic locomotion and the different gaits in domestic species

Answer 2

• Repeating sequence of leg movements
• Swing phase and stance phase
• Pattern generated in spinal cord = each limb has a central pattern generator
• Input from higher centres to refine but not necessary for basic function
• Speed = stride frequency x stride length

Question 3

what do proprioceptors do

Answer 3

inform CNS of body position, strength and speed of movement so motor output can be modified as needed - muscle spindles, GTO, joint receptors, skin tactile and mechanoreceptors, vestibular system hair cells

Question 4

anatomy of conscious proprioception

Answer 4

3 neurone system
complex voluntary movement

Question 5

anatomy of subconscious proprioception

Answer 5

2 - neurone system
rhythmic, subconscious movements

Question 6

deficits of subconscious proprioception

Answer 6

ataxia

Question 7

deficits of conscious proprioception

Answer 7

stumbling, knuckling, intention tremor

Question 8

what is kinaesthesia

Answer 8

awareness of the position and movement of body

Question 9

functional regions of the crebellum

Answer 9

vestibulocerebellum = coordinates balance and eye movements
spinocerebellum - coordinates muscle tone and movement
cerebrocerebellum - planning of movements