Localisation of Function

Question 1

What is localisation of function?

Answer 1

Refers to the principle that specific function such as memory/hearing have specific locations within the brain

Question 2

Where is the frontal lobe and what is it responsible for?

Answer 2

• Above eyes
• Judgement, reasoning and planning

Question 3

What 2 areas are within the frontal lobe?

Answer 3

Motor cortex and Broca’s area

Question 4

Motor Cortex
- Responsible for?
- Specific location?
- What side of the body does it control?

Answer 4

• Voluntary movements
• Precentral gyrus
• Left side controls right side body

Question 5

Broca’s Area
- Responsible for?
- What hemisphere?
- What is damage to this area called?

Answer 5

• Speech production
• Left hemisphere
• Broca’s aphasia - Slow speech

Question 6

What did Fedorenko (2012) discover about Broca’s area?

Answer 6

Found two regions of Broca’s area, one involved in language and one involved in responding to demanding cognitive tasks (maths problems)

Question 7

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

Answer 7

1. Frontal lobe
2. Parietal lobe
3. Occipital lobe
4. Temporal lobe

Question 8

Where is the parietal lobe and what is it responsible for?

Answer 8

• Above the ears
• Processing sensation and spatial processing

Question 9

Where is the occipital lobe and what is it responsible for?

Answer 9

• Posterior of brain
• Processing and visual information

Question 10

Where is the temporal lobe and what is it responsible for?

Answer 10

• Behind temples and responsible for processing sound and language

Question 11

What area is in the parietal lobe?

Answer 11

Somatosensory cortex

Question 12

Somatosensory Cortex
- Responsible for?
- Specific location?
- What hemisphere and what side of the body does it control?

Answer 12

• Responsible for processing sensations such as touch and pain
• Across post central gyrus
• Both hemispheres and receive info from opposite sides

Question 13

What area is in the occipital lobe?

Answer 13

Visual cortex

Question 14

Visual Cortex
- Responsible for?
- What side of the body does it control?
- What specific areas does it have?

Answer 14

• Responsible for processing visual info from eyes
• Both hemispheres but responsible for opposite so receives from opposite visual field
  -Colour/Shape/Movement

Question 15

How does information go from eye to visual cortex?

Answer 15

Retina (back of eye) - Nerve impulses from retina - Optic nerve - Brain

Question 16

What 2 areas are in the temporal lobe?

Answer 16

1. Auditory cortex
2. Wernicke’s area

Question 17

Auditory Cortex
- Responsible for?
- How does it get to cortex?

Answer 17

• Responsible for processing sound

Cochlea - Sound waves converted to nerve impulses - Brain stem - Thalamus - Auditory nerve - Auditory cortex

Question 18

Wernicke’s Area
- Responsible for?
- What hemisphere?
- What is damage to this area called?

Answer 18

• Language comprehension
• Left hemisphere
• Wernicke’s aphasia - struggle to understand