localisation and function in the brain Flashcards

how to remember cortex's= remeber them in alphabetical order (auditory, motor, somatosensory, visual cortex)

1
Q

what is ‘localised’?

A

-specific area of functioning

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2
Q

what is ‘con-lateralisation’?

A
  • each hemisphere of brain controls the opposite side of the body
  • eg. left side of brain controls right side of body
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3
Q

explain hemispheres of the brain?

A
  • brain divided into 2 symmetrical halves= left/right hemispheres
  • some functions are controlled by a specific hemisphere= lateralisation
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4
Q

look at flashcards for diagram of the lobes in the brain

A

-

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5
Q

what are the names of the 4 lobes the brain is divided into?

A
  • frontal lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • temporal lobe
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6
Q

explain the role of the frontal lobe?

A
  • speaking
  • planning
  • personality
  • at the back is the motor cortex that controls voluntary muscle actions
  • broca’s area (left side)
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7
Q

explain the role of the parietal lobe?

A
  • sense of touch
  • body position
  • at the front is the somatosensory cortex, receives info from the skin eg. heat
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8
Q

explain the role of the occipital lobe?

A
  • info related to sight

- at the back of lobe=visual cortex

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9
Q

explain the role of the temporal lobe?

A
  • comprehension of sound and speech
  • auditory cortex
  • Wernicke’s area (left side)
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10
Q

explain the Broca’s area?

A
  • responsible for speech production

- damage= broca’s aphasia which is slow and lack of fluency in speech

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11
Q

explain the Wernicke’s area?

A
  • speech and language comprehension

- damage= wernicke’s aphasia which is fluent speech that lacks meaning use of neologisms

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12
Q

evaluate brain scan evidence?

A

STRENGTH
-Peterson used brain scan to demonstrate how the Wernicke’s ares was active during listening task and Broca’s during reading
-supported by Tulving who found semantic and episodic memories reside in different parts of prefrontal cortex
=both show localisation of brain functioning

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13
Q

evaluate neurosurgical evidence?

A

STRENGTH

  • neurosurgery still used today in some cases of OCD
  • 44 OCD patients had surgery
  • after 32 weeks 1/3 had meet criteria for successful response
  • shows that symptoms associated with some mental disorders are localised
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14
Q

evaluate Lashely’s research?

A

WEAKNESS

  • suggests higher cognitive functions eg. learning is holistic
  • he removed area’s of the cortex in rats learning a maze, -process of learning appeared to need every part of the brain, rather than being confined to a specific area
  • learning is too complex to be localisation
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