Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro To Nurse Anesthesia > Local Anesthetics and Regional Anesthesia > Flashcards

Local Anesthetics and Regional Anesthesia Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NCLEX-RN® flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards
1
Q

Local anesthetics prevent depolarization of nerve by blocking _____

A

influx of NA, blocks fast NA channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which fibers are blocked easier by local anesthetics?

A

small fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Order of a Block:

A

B fibers
C
A-
delta, gamma, beta, alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two types of locals:

A

esters and amides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amides are cleared by reaction in ______

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Esters are broken down by ______

A

plasma cholinesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of esters for infiltration

A

procaine (novacaine)
cholorprocaine (Nesacaine)
tetracaine (pontocaine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Max plain dose of procaine (novacaine)

A

350-600 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

max with epinephrine dose of chloroprocaine (nescaine)

A

1000 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Max with epinephrine dose of procaine (novacaine)

A

1000 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Max plain dose of chloroprocaine (nesacaine)

A

800 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

other name for procaine

A

novacaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

other name for lidocaine

A

xylocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

other name for tetracaine

A

pontocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

other name for chloroprocaine

A

nesacaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

max plain dose of tetracaine

A

100 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

types of amides

A

lidocaine (xylocaine)
mepivacaine (carbocaine)
bupivicaine (marcaine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

other name for mepivacaine

A

carbocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

other name for bupivicaine

A

marcaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lidocaine 0.5-1% max plain dose

A

4.5 mg/kg or 300 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

max with epinephrine dose of lidocaine

A

7 mg/kg or 500 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mepivacaine 0.5-1% max plain dose

A

300 mg or 7mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

max with epinephrine dose for Mepivacaine

A

500 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bupivicaine 0.25% max plain dose

A

2.5mg/kg or 150 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

max with epinephrine dose of Bupivicaine

A

225mg or 3mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

four types of regional anesthesia

A

local infiltration
bier block IV
peripheral nerve blocks
central block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 types of central nerve blocks

A

epidural
caudal
spinal

21
Q

Who can inject local infiltration?

A

surgeon
podiatrist
dentist

22
Q

indications for a bier block

A

brief procedure of hand or forearm
ex: carpal tunnel repair

23
Q

explain technique for bier block

A

20g IV in operative arm with extension tubing with 10 ml syringe, double pneumatic tourniquet on operative upper arm. elevate arm, then esmarch wrap distal to proximal. inflate distal cuff, then proximal. inflate to 250-300mHG, esmarch off, distal cuff deflated

24
Q

what dose of lidocaine 0.5% is administered during a bier block

A

3mg/kg - 40-50 ml injected slowly into IV

25
Q

complications of a bier block

A

accidental tourniquet release/leak

26
Q

injection of local into the epidural space

A

epidural

27
Q

two techniques of a epidural

A

hanging drop and loss of resistance technique

28
Q

what is the test dose of 1.5% lidocaine with epinephrine

A

1:200,000 mcg 3-5 ml Total

29
Q

names of epidural anesthetics

A

chloroprocaine (nescaine)
lidocaine
bupivicaine (marcaine)
ropivacaine

30
Q

plain dose of chloroprocaine 2-3%

A

200-750 mg

31
Q

dose of lidocaine 1-2% for epidural

A

150-300 mg

32
Q

dose of bupivicaine 0.25-0.5% for epidural

A

50-100 mg

33
Q

dose of ropivacaine 0.25-1% for epidural

A

75-250 mg

34
Q

caudals are typical in what patient population?

A

kids

35
Q

injection of local into the subarachnoid space at lower lumbar area?

A

spinal

36
Q

names of drugs given during spinal:

A

tetracaine (pontacaine)
chloroprocaine
lidocaine
bupivicaine
ropivacaine

37
Q

plain dose of tetracaine for a spinal

A

8-15 mg

38
Q

dose with epinephrine with tetracaine for a spinal

A

0.1-0.2 mg

39
Q

dose of chlorprocaine for a spinal

A

40-60 mg

40
Q

epinephrine is not recommended for which drugs

A

chlorprocaine, lidocaine, bupivicaine, ropivacaine

41
Q

dose of lidocaine 5% for a spinal

A

75-100 mg

42
Q

dose of bupivicaine 0.5-0.75% for a spinal

A

12-20 mg

43
Q

dose of ropivacaine 0.5-1% for a spinal

A

18-25 mg

44
Q

local mixed with sterile H20

A

hypobaric

45
Q

local mixed with spinal fluid/NSS

A

isobaric

46
Q

local mixed with D10

A

hyperbaric

47
Q

indications for a spinal/epidural

A

lower extremity/hip procedure
lower abdomen, groin, perineum, urologic, rectal, ob procedure

48
Q

absolute contraindications for a spinal or epidural

A

refusal
infection at site
sepsis
severe hypovolemia
coagulation abnormaity
increase ICP

49
Q

relative contraindications for a spinal/epidural

A

infection peripheral to site
neurologic disorders
heparin/aspirin
back pain or prior lumbar surgery
hypovolemia
uncoperative patient or surgeon

50
Q

cardiovascular effects of a Spinal

A

decrease HR
decrease venous return
decrease BP

51
Q

respiratory effect of spinal

A

intercostal paralysis

52
Q

side effects of spinal block

A

sympathetic nervous system block
hypothermia
maintains peristalsis- contacted GI tract

53
Q

order of spinal blockade

A

sympathetic
temperature
pain
touch
pressure
motor
vibratory
proprioception

54
Q

how to treat hypotension from a spinal

A

prehydrate with fluids- 500-1000ml
ephedrine 5-10 mg/iv

55
Q

complications of a spinal

A

hypotension
post dural puncture headache
tinnitus
diplopia

56
Q

how to treat a post dural puncture headache from a spinal

A

analgesics
bedrest
hydration
caffeine infusion
blood patch

57
Q

ways to decrease incidence of the post dural Headache

A

smaller needle
turning bevel to side
paramedian
round/blunt tip
hydration

58
Q

complications of a epidural

A

hypotension
accidental spinal

59
Q

signs and symptoms of local drug toxicity

A

tinnitus
light headed
dizzy
slurred speech
confusion
circumoral numbness
metallic taste
low HR and BP
arrhythmias
seizures
death

60
Q
A

Intro To Nurse Anesthesia (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions