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OS & Pain Management > Local Anesthesia pt. 6 > Flashcards

Local Anesthesia pt. 6 Flashcards

1
Q

3 major types of local
anesthesia

A

Local Infiltration
Field Block
Nerve Block

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2
Q

Height of Vestibule

A

16 mm

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3
Q

PSA Nerve Block
(3)

A

Insert Needle at Height of Vestibule
to 16 mm Depth
Aspirate, then Inject 0.9ml-1.8ml

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4
Q

PSA Nerve Block
Areas Anesthetized
(3)

A

 Maxillary molar tooth pulps
 MB root of 1st molar in 72%
 Buccal periodontium and bone

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5
Q

PSA Nerve Block
Advantages
(3)

A

 Atraumatic
 Success rate > 95%
 Minimal volume of anesthetic

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6
Q

PSA Nerve Block
Disadvantages
(3)

A

 Disfiguring hematoma risk
 MB root of 1st molar missed in 28%
 Aspiration rate ~3%

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7
Q

Middle Superior Alveolar
Nerve
(3)

A

 Present in some patients
 MB root of 1st molar in 28%
 Buccal periodontium and bone

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8
Q

Inject well above premolar
apices, bevel facing bone

A

0.9 to 1.2 ml

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9
Q

MSA Nerve Block
Areas Anesthetized
(3)

A

 Premolars
 MB root of first molar, 28%
 Buccal periodontium and bone

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10
Q

MSA Nerve Block
Indications
(4)

A

 To treat both premolars
 When a nerve block is indicated
 When supraperiosteal injection has
failed
 When infraorbital block does not
anesthetize premolars

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11
Q

ASA Nerve Block
Needle Contacts

A

Roof of Foramen
Anesthetic Directed into Canal

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12
Q

ASA Nerve Block
steps (9)

A

Locate the Foramen by Palpation
Foramen ~ 16 mm Above Vestibule
Insertion Depth ~ ½ Long Needle
Orient Needle Bevel Towards Bone
Insert Gently Until Bone Contacted
Aspirate and Inject 0.9 to 1.2 ml
Maintain Pressure During Injection
Maintain Pressure One Minute
After Injection

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13
Q

ASA Nerve Block
Areas Anesthetized
(5)

A

 Maxillary central through canine
 Premolars
 MB root of first molar in 28% of patients
 Buccal periodontium and bone
 Lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip

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14
Q

ASA Nerve Block
Indications
(3)

A

 Procedures on two or more teeth
 Inflammation or infection
 Dense cortical bone making
supraperiosteal injections ineffective

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15
Q

Supraperiosteal Injection
steps (4)

A

Insert Superior to Root Apex
Orient Needle Bevel Towards
Bone
Insert to Level Above Tooth Apex
Inject 0.6 ml of anesthetic

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16
Q

Supraperiosteal Injection
Areas Anesthetized
(3)

A

 Tooth
 Buccal periodontium
and bone
 Labial or buccal
mucosa

17
Q

Supraperiosteal Injection
Indications
(2)

A

 Procedures on one tooth
 Soft tissue surgery in a small area

18
Q

Supraperiosteal Injection
Advantages
(2)

A

 Simple
 High success rate

19
Q

Supraperiosteal Injection
Disadvantages
(2)

A

• Not useful in inflamed area
• Large volumes needed to treat
multiple teeth

20
Q

Greater Palatine Nerve Block
steps (9)

A

Path of Insertion
Locate Foramen With Cotton Tip
Apply Topical for 2 Minutes
Move Applicator Over Foramen –
Apply Direct Pressure 30 Seconds
Place Needle Bevel Against Tissue
and Bow the Needle
Administer a Few Drops of Local
Straighten and Advance the Needle
Contact Bone
Aspirate, Deposit 0.45 to 0.6 ml

21
Q

Greater Palatine Nerve
Block
Areas Anesthetized
(3)

A

 Posterior portion of hard palate
 Overlying soft tissues
 No anesthesia of teeth

22
Q

Greater Palatine Injection
Indications
(2)

A

 When palatal soft tissue anesthesia
is needed – extractions, subgingival
restorations, etc.
 Pain control during periodontal or
oral surgical procedures

23
Q

Nasopalatine Nerve Block
steps (7)

A

Apply Topical for Two Minutes
Apply Direct Pressure
Contact Bone, Administer 0.45 ml
apply topical lateral to frenum
blanching of labial tissue
insert through papilla towards palate
administer 0.3 ml into papilla

24
Q

Nasopalatine Nerve Block
Areas Anesthetized
(3)

A

 Anterior portion of hard palate
 Both hard and soft tissues
 No anesthesia of teeth

25
Q

Nasopalatine Injection
Indications
(2)

A

 When palatal soft tissue anesthesia
is needed – extractions, subgingival
restorations, etc.
 Pain control during periodontal or
oral surgical procedures

26
Q

Maxillary Nerve Block
High Tuberosity Approach
Advantages
(3)

A

• Atraumatic
• 95 % success rate
• Minimizes volume of local

27
Q

Maxillary Nerve Block
High Tuberosity Approach
Disadvantages
(3)

A

• Risk of hematoma
• Absent bony landmarks
• Lack of hemostasis

28
Q

Maxillary Nerve Block
Greater Palatine Canal Approach
Advantages
(3)

A

• Usually atraumatic
• 95 % success rate
• Minimizes volume of local

29
Q

Maxillary Nerve Block
Greater Palatine Canal Approach
Disadvantages
(2)

A

• Lack of hemostasis
• Potentially painful injection

OS & Pain Management (8 decks)

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