LO2 - Describe Family Theory Flashcards
What is a family?
Refers to 2 or more people who depend on one another for emotional, physical or economic support
Theories
- Inform the practice of nursing
- Practice informs theory and research
- Theory, practice and research are interactive
3 major traditions and disciplines are
Family social science, family therapy, nursing
Family health is…
A dynamic, changing state of well-being, which includes the biological, psychological, spiritual, sociological and cultural factors of individual members and the whole family system
Traits of a healthy family are…
Communicates and listens
Fosters table time and conversation
Affirms and supports each member
Teaches respect for others
Develop a sense of trust
Sense of play and humor
Balance of interaction
Shares leisure time
Exhibits a sense of shared responsibility
Teaches right and wrong
Abounds in rituals and traditions
Shares a religious care
Respects privacy
Values service to others
Admits to problem and seeks help
Family flexability and cohesion promotes…
Family health and contribute to family balance
Flexibility is…
The ability to alter family leadership roles, relationships, and rules, including control, discipline, and role sharing
Rigid and inflexible
One person in charge and highly controlling
Negotiation is limited
Rules do not change
Roles are strictly enforced
Somewhat inflexible
Leadership is democratic
Roles are stable
Rules enforced with few changes
Flexible family
Leadership is equalltarian with a democratic approach to decision making
Negotiation is open
Roles are shared and age appropriate
Very flexible
Frequent changes in leadership roles
Rules are flexible and readily adjusted
Chaotic, overly flexible
Leadership is erratic and limited
Decisions are impulsive
Roles are unclear and shift from person to person
Cohesion disconnected
-extreme emotional separateness
Little family involvement
Does not turn to each other for support
Cohesion somewhat connected
Members have some time apart from family but also spend sometime together
Joint support and decision making
Cohesion connected
Equilibrium with moderate separateness and togetherness
Both independent and dependant
Decision making is shared
Cohesion very connected
Emotional closeness and loyalty
More time spent together than alone
Family have shared and separate friends
Cohesion overly connected
Extreme emotional connection and loyalty is demanded
Little private space
Highly dependant and reactive to each other
Family nursing competencies
- Enhance and promote family health
- Focus on strengths and support family and individual growth
- Demonstrate leadership
- Commit to self-reflection
- Practice using eviclence-based approach
Family as context
Aka -family focused
Focuses on assessments and care of an individual client in which the family is the context
“Traditional” nursing focus
Individual is foreground and family is background
Family as client
Assessment and healthcare for all members
Interest in the way that member are individually affected by health events of one member
All members in foreground
Family as system
Family as whole as client
Family viewed as an interaction system in which the whole is more than the sum of its parts
Interactions between members becomes the target of nursing interventions
Family as component of society
Family is basic or primary unit of society and is part of the larger system of society
Family as whole interacts with other institutions to receive, exchange, or give communication and services
What is family structure?
Ordered set of relationships within the family
Variation of family (single family)
Living alone, never married
Variation of family (nuclear dyad/childless)
Married couple with no children
Variation of family (nuclear)
Two generations of family, parents and their own children residing in the same home
Variation of family (binuclear)
Two post divorced families with children as members of both
Variation of family (extended/multigenerational)
Two or more adult generations and one includes grandparents and grandchildren living in the same household
Variation of family (blended/reconstituted)
One or more of the parents have been married previously and they bring children from their previous marriage
Variation of family (single parent/lone family)
One parent and child residing in one household
Variation of family (commune)
Group of men, women, children
Variation of family (cohabitation - domestic partner)
Unmarried couple sharing a household who are involved in an emotional and/or sexually intimate relationship
Variation of family (living together apart)
Couples share living space and May share financial, household or parenting responsibilities even though they have no romantic attachment to each other
Variation of family (living apart together)
Two people with or without children forgoing cohabitation entirely, preferring to keep their separate homes
Family function
The unit is made up of intimate, interactive and interdependent people who shares some values, goals, responsibilities, decisions and commitment over time
Family functions - reproductive
Infertility, abortions, adoption
Social, ethical, cultural, religious, moral controversies
Family functions - socialization
Family setting which children begin to acquire beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviours appropriate to society
Family functions - affective
Positive emotional relationships among family members
Family functions - economic
Keeping local and national economies viable
Meeting needs of the children
Family functions - health care
Primary source for maintaining, protecting and restoring health
3 family theories
Family system theory
Developmental and family life cycle theory
Bioecological theory
Family system theory
Organisms are complex, organize and interactive systems
3 generations
Designed to maintain stability
Families changes in response to stress and increase complexity over time
Concept 1 of family systems theory
All parts of the system are interconnected
What influences one part will influence all parts
Formal and informal roles of family members are affected
Concept 2 of family system theory
The whole is more than the sum of its parts
Family as a whole is composed of more than individual lives
Concept 3 of family system theory
All system have some form of boundaries or borders between systems and it’s environment
Can be open,closed or flexible
Concept 4 of family systems theory
Systems can be further organized into subsystems
Husband to wife, mother to child, father to child, child to child, etc
The goal of family systems theory is…
To help the family reach stability by building on their strengths as a family, using knowledge of the family as a social system, and understanding how the family is an interconnected whole that is adapting to the change brought about by the health event of a given family
The framework of the developmental and family life cycle theory is…
To understand normal family changes and growth
Concept 1 of the developmental and family life cycle theory
Families develop and change over time
Change over time in relation to structure, function, and processes
Family go through predictable stresses and change
Concept 2 of the developmental and family life cycle theory
Families experience transitions from one stage to another
When transition occurs, families experience changes in kinship, family roles, social roles and interactions
The goal of the developmental and family life cycle theory
To help the family understand individual and family tasks, recognize normalcy of disequilibrium during transition periods, mitigate transition by capitalizing on family rituals
What is the communication theory
From Calgary family assessment model
Concepts on the way individuals interact with one another
4 main takeaways from the communication theory
- All non verbal communication is meaningful
- All communication has two major channels for transmission - digital (verbal) and analogical (nonverbal)
- A dyadic relationship has varying degrees of symmetry and complementarity
- All communication has two levels - content and relationship
