LO2 Flashcards
What is legislation?
A collection of laws passed by parliament. It is upheld through the courts, which may prosecute the individuals or organisations if they break the law
Overview of HASAWA 1974
HASAWA is the basis used for all health and safety regulations. It helped to establish the health and safety executive (HSE) and also all of the main duties and responsibilities of all employers and employees
What are the 5 key aspects of HASAWA 1974
The work environment must not put anyone at risk
Equipment provided must be in good working order
Employers must provide adequate health and safety training for staff
A written health and safety policy should be provided
Protective equipment, if needed, must be available to employees free of charge
What should employers do to ensure the work environment does not put anyone at risk?
Risk assessments
PPE
Monitor staff practice
Working fire alarms, extinguishers and clear fire doors
What most employers do to ensure equipment provided is in good working order?
Check equipment regularly
PAT test electrical
Regularly service/maintain equipment
Provide suitable equipment for the job being done
What must employers do to ensure that staff receive adequate health and safety training?
Provide health and safety training and update regularly
Train staff to use specialist equipment
Regular fire evacuation drills
Provide first aid training
What must employers do to ensure a written health and safety policy is provided?
Produce a health and safety policy as it is a legal responsibility
Ensure staff know the policy and where to access it
Display the health and safety law poster
What just employers do to ensure protective equipment is available free of charge to employees?
Maintain an adequate supply of PPE
Not charge staff for PPE
Ensure staff wear PPE when necessary
Overview of the Management of health and safety at work regulations (MHSWR) 1999
An update which was introduced to reinforce HASAWA. These regulations place duties on both employers and employees and add specific detail to HASAWA about safety management of health and safety
What is the key aspect for Management of health and safety at work regulations 1999?
Adds specific detail to HASAWA about the safe management of health and safety
What must employers do to ensure safe management of health and safety?
Carry out risk assesments
Control measures implemented
Competent individuals are appointed to manage health, safety and security and deal with any emergencies that may occur
Information, training and supervision are provided so that work activities can be carried out safely
What is a risk assessment?
A document that identifies hazards and the risks associated with them so control measures can be put in place
What are control measures + example
Things that prevent or reduce the risk of a hazard
Eg: PAT testing and wet floor signs
What are the 4 main things that the HSE does?
Regulator for health and safety in the workplace
Carry out spot checks and investigations if an accident happens
Enforces legislation by issuing improvement notices and can fine settings or take them to court
Provides guidance and advice on how to minimise risks in the workplace
What are the Employers responsibilities? x13
Carrry out risk assessments
Provide PPE
Put control measures in place
Monitor staff practice
Ensure fire alarms, extinguishers, exits work and are accessible
Provide suitable working equipment
Safety check equipment
Maintain and service equipment
PAT testing
Provide training
Fire drills
First aid
Display health and safety law poster
What are the Employees responsibilities? x12
Follow risk assessments
Wear PPE
Follow procedures
Follow correct practice
Don’t block exits
Follow policies
Tell the responsible person if equipment doesn’t work
Don’t use electricals that aren’t PAT tested
Attend training
Take part in drills
Report and record accidents or first aid used
Be aware of legislation
Overview of Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002
The law that aims to reduce the risk of hazardous substances by risk assessing, reducing the use of, substituting and providing protections for the use of chemicals.
What is meant by a hazardous substance + examples?
Any substance that can cause harm
Eg: bleach, disinfectants, medication, bodily fluids
What is the COSHH File?
A file which states what substances are hazardous and describes the hazards that the chemical presents. It gives information on handling, storage and emergency measures in cases of accidents
What should the COSHH file include? x6
Identify and name the hazardous substance
State where the hazardous substance is kept
Identify what the hazardous labels on the container mean
Describe the effects of the substances
State the maximum amount of time it is safe to be exposed to them
Describe how to deal with an emergency involving the hazardous substance
What are the key aspects of COSHH 2002? x6
COSHH covers the storage, labelling and disposal of hazardous substances
There must be a COSHH file listing all of the hazardous substances in the workplace
The COSHH file must be kept up to date
Chemicals and medication must be kept in their original containers
Substances must be stored in a safe and secure place
Containers must have an appropriate safety cap or lid
What 3 things must employers do to follow COSHH?
Carry out risk assessments to prevent or control exposure to hazardous substances
Have procedures in place for safe working with hazardous substances
Provide information, training and supervision so that work activities can be carried out safely
Overview of the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
This piece of legislation is in place to reduce the risk of injury as far as possible
Examples of manual handling x4
Using a hoist
Heavy lifting - boxes
Moving a patient
Picking children up in a nursery
What are the 4 key aspects of the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992?
Avoid the need for manual handling as far as possible
Assess the risk of injury from any manual handling that is unavoidable
Take action to reduce the risk of injury as far as possible
Employers must provide information, training and supervision about safe manual handling
What should manual handling training include? x4
How to use specialist equipment - eg hoist
Risk factors - how injuries occur
Techniques on how to lift correctly
Practical demonstrations so employers can check that employees are carrying out procedures correctly and safely
What must be done in order to follow the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992? x7
Employers must carry out risk assessments on any manual handling
Employers must provide equipment
Employers must provide training for anyone who needs to carry out manual handling as part of their job role
Employers must not operate manual handling equipment they have not been trained to use
Reduce the need for staff to undertake manual handling unless it is essential
Lifts should be planned and practiced before doing it for real
Reduced risk of injury
Overview of Reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations (RIDDOR) 2013
The reporting and recording of work related injuries, accidents and Ill health is required by law. The employer has a legal duty to follow this.
What must Employers record and report to the HSE? x4
Work related accidents that cause death
Work related accidents that cause serious injury (eg - loss/reduction of sight, serious burns, fractures, internal organ damage)
Diagnosed cases of certain work related diseases (eg - carpal tunnel syndrome, exposure to biological agents, asbestosis, occupational dermatitis/asthma and cancer)
Incidents that have the potential to cause harm (eg - collapse of equipment, explosions, fires, chemical spills, gas leaks and overflowing drains)
What must records me kept of? x2
Any accidents, occupational disease or dangerous occurrence that requires reporting under RIDDOR
Any other occupational accident causing injuries that result in a worker being away from work or incapacity for more than 7 consecutive days
What information should be recorded about accidents? x4
The date, time and place of event
Details of those involved
A summary of what happened
Details of the injury/illness that resulted
Why must accident records be kept and reported to the HSE? x5
So employers are able to:
Collect information to help them properly manage health and safety risks in the workplace
Use the information as an aid to risk assessments
Develop solutions to potential risks
Help prevent injuries
Help control costs from accidental loss or fines
Examples of notifiable diseases x6
Food poisoning
Malaria
Measles
Meningitis
Salmonella
Tuberculosis
Overview of Food Safety Act 1990
Food safety covers all aspects of ensuring food is safe for a person to eat. It created offences in relation to safety, quality and labelling
What are the 4 key aspects of the Food Safety Act 1990?
Safe preparation, storage and serving of food
A food business must be registered
Environmental health officers can seize food that is unfit for consumption, serve improvement notices and close premises that cause risks
The CQC requires care services to ensure food and drink is handled, stored, prepared and delivered in a way that meets the requirements of the act.
What must employers and employees do to ensure they follow the Food Safety Act 1990? x6
Employees must maintain height standards of personal hygiene
Employees who prepare and serve food should be provided with training
Food should be stored correctly
Meals should be prepared, cooked and served hygienically and safely
Food provided must be safe to eat
Records must be kept of where food is from so that it is traceable
Overview of the Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations 1995
Food hygiene is about the conditions and measures taken to ensure the safety of food from production to consumptions.
Poor hygiene can lead to illnesses.
What are the 7 key aspects of the Food Safety (General food hygiene) regulations 1995?
Food safety hazards identified
Settings should know which steps in their setting are critical for food safety
Safety controls must be in place, maintained and reviewed
Food handlers must wear suitable clean and appropriate protective clothing
Food handlers must be supervised and trained in food hygiene
The environment where food is prepared and cooked must be clean and in good condition
Requires adequate arrangements for storage and disposal of waste
What must employers and employees do to ensure they follow the Food Safety (General food hygiene) regulations 1995? x5
Use of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) to identify food safety hazards
- packaging
- work surfaces
- food processing
- cookware
- personal hygiene
Food safety controls and procedures must be in place and reviewed regularly
Food preparation and serving areas must be well maintained
Employers must provide appropriate facilities for personal hygiene
Employers must provide clean protective clothing
- hygiene hats
- disposable gloves and aprons
Overview of Civil Contingencies Act 2004
It sets out how organisations must work together to plan and respond to local and National emergencies. It also establishes a clear set of roles and responsibilities for those involved in emergency preparation.
What type of events may affect an organisations ability to maintain patients safety? x10 examples
An explosion or suspect package
Extreme weather conditions
A fire
Flooding
Hazardous materials release
Major transport accidents
An outbreak of an infectious disease
Pandemic influenza
A power or other utility failure
A terrorist event
What types of plans must the NHS, fire, police and local authorities have in place? x6
Flood plans
Major incident plans
Management of mass casualties
Shelter and evacuation
Fire, police or health service response
Lockdown or controlled access
What must plans include? x4
An outline of individual roles
Ensuring staff are competent to carry out tasks assigned to them
Having access to available resources and facilities
Risk assessments
Overview of the Data Protection Act
States how data should be handled and shared in order to maintain confidentiality
What are the 8 key aspects of the Data Protection Act?
Lawfulness, fairness and transparency
Purpose limitation
Data minimisation
Accuracy
Storage limitation
Integrity and confidentiality
What is meant by safeguarding?
The measures that are taken to protect people’s health, wellbeing and rights, enabling them to be kept safe from harm, abuse and neglect
Who are most at risk? x3
Those with disabilities
Children
Elderly
Why is safeguarding needed?
To protect individuals at risk from harm and abuse as many are unaware of when they are being abused
Why do staff need training?
So they are able to spot signs of abuse and know how to deal with disclosures and reporting concerns
What does DBS stand for?
Disclosure and Barring service
What are DBS checks?
Background checks to ensure individuals are safe to work/volunteer with vulnerable adults and children.
What are the 3 types of DBS checks and what do they involve?
Standard - checks for criminal convictions, cautions and warnings
Enhanced - an additional check for any information held by police that is relevant to the role being applied for
Enhanced with list checks - checks the barred list
How do DBS checks protect people?
It identifies people who are not suitable to work with vulnerable adults/children and puts them on a barred list
What are the influences of legislation on staff and what do they involve? x3
Safeguarding - protecting people from harm
Health and Safety - follow systems of work in place
Training - have relevant skills and knowledge to perform their duties to require standards
What are the influences of legislation on premises and what do they involve? x4
Food - food safety regulations
Risk assessments- activities and equipment to ensure the safety of all in the setting
Fire - keep clear and well sign posted exits, fire extinguishers
Equality Act - adaptations made to provide access to all
What are the influences of legislation on practices and what do they involve? x5
Activities staff do as part of their role - risk assessed
Records that to be kept - accidents and injuries
Training that is delivered - must be relevant for staff to complete their role
Safeguarding - staff are able to identify signs on abuse
Policies that need to be created and implemented - managers develop policies.
What is a policy?
A document created by an organisation in order to ensure they are following legislation. They set out clear guidelines and expectations
What is a procedure?
An established or official way of doing something
Why are policies and procedures important?
They ensure the health, safety and security of everyone who lives in, works in or visitors health and social care settings.
Clearly written policies and procedures will help with ensuring that everyone works in a safe and correct manner
What does the reporting of accidents policy involve?
Records must be kept of any accidents in order to help manage the risks in the workplace to prevent injuries
What does the food safety policy involve?
Carrying out procedures in order to reduce the risk of those who are vulnerable being harmed by food
What does the chemical and biology health hazards policy involve?
Having agreed ways of working with hazardous substances and waste in order to follow COSHH regulation
What does the disposal of hazardous wastes policy involve?
Ensures the correct disposal of waste method is used to prevent contamination and spread of infections
What does the lone working policy involve?
Establishes safe systems to identify the risk to staff who work alone
Eg: social workers
What does the storage and dispensing of medicines policy involve?
Clear procedures on how to store, administer and dispose of medications
What does the security of premises, possessions and individuals policy involve?
Preventing unauthorised individuals from entering settings
Prevents vulnerable patients from leaving settings unsupervised
What does the health and safety management systems policy involve?
Organisations have a legal duty to put suitable arrangements in place to manage health and safety
What does the workplace hazards and risk controls policy involve?
It ensures effective controls are put in place so injuries, illnesses and accidents can be avoided
What does the fire safety policy involve?
Having a fire evacuation plan in place to protect all individuals and reduce any harm
What does the asbestos policy include?
Ensures the prevention of the presence of asbestos in the air that can be inhaled by employees and others who may be present
What does the transport hazards policy involve?
Covers the maintenance and safety of vehicles
Ensures plans are in place in cases of traffic, weather and emergencies
What does the electrical safety policy involve?
All electrical appliances are PAT tested and serviced regularly
What does the safeguarding policy include?
Protecting individuals at risk of abuse and neglect.
Ensures there is a named person responsible for safeguarding
All staff DBS checked
Why should policies and procedures be reviewed? x8
To ensure they reflect changes in legislation
To keep them up to date
To identify any issues that need addressing
To check they still meet the settings needs and aims
To develop new policies for new needs or situations
To check they are being implemented effectively
To ensure they are adequate for their purpose
To amend them in the light of experience
How to review policies and procedures x3
Record the date the review has taken place
Record who carried out the review
Record the date the next review is due
What are the consequences of not reviewing policies and procedures? x6
Fine
Loss of job
Setting closed down
Prosecution
Injury
Removal from professional registers
