LO1 +LO2 Q/A Flashcards by John BAMODU

A library is removing borrowers from its database who have not borrowed a book for three or more years

Describe one disadvantage to the borrowers if the data is not removed safely from the database.

Data could be accessed by hackers / unauthorised users (1) leading to identity theft (1).

Data could be accessed by unethical organisations / fraudsters (1) and used to spam / target the borrower (1).

Any other valid suggestion.

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Stored data and information must be kept secure by organisations.

Explain two impacts on an organisation of keeping data and information secure.

Increased reputation (1) as a trustworthy organisation (1).

Increased customer base (1) as customers move from organisations who have had data security breaches (1).

Data subjects will be more willing to provide their data (1) as they know it will be kept secure (1).

Business will operate smoothly / efficiently (1) as all data required will be available (1)

Increased costs (1) for investing in security (1)

Increase business partners (1) as perceived to be a reputable company (1)

Any other valid suggestion.

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(b). Some data can be partially anonymised.

i. Explain what is meant by the term partially anonymised

Part of the data (1) is replaced by a symbol / example of symbol (1).

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ii. Partially anonymise the data 1124 1451 9998 1103 below.

Data Partially anonymised (1).

Example

Addition of symbols which partially anonymise the data/ part of original data still present but some has been replaced by symbols.

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Compare the use of the information styles braille text and tactile images

Braille text

is used for documents (1).

generated through the use of a braille printer (1)

Is a series of dots (1).

Tactile images

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An on–line clothing retailer is carrying out marrket research. Qualitative data can be collected during market research.

i. Using an example, describe what is meant by qualitative data.

Data that can be observed (1) but not measured (1)

Deals with description / text / written form

(1)

Example e.g. colour of clothes (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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Identify two items of non–sensitive data which could be collected during the market research

Name (1)

Gender (1)

Age (1)

Preference for types of clothing (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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The market research will be carried out using an online survey. Discuss how the importance of collecting good quality information should be considered when creating a market research survey

Indicative content

If quality of information is not good then the information collected will be worthless

Good quality information needs to be collected to enable retailer to analyses the collected information

Information collected should be:

Reliable

Valid

Relevant

Accurate

Survey needs to be targeted at a range of demographic categories

Range of types of questions, e.g. opinions etc.

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Describe two benefits and one limitation of using a spreadsheet to manipulate the information gather in the servey

Benefits

Survey can be linked to a spreadsheet (1) so results are directly imported (1)

Data can be ordered / grouped (1) according to pre–set rules (1)

Cell names (1) can be used to categorise data (1)

Any other valid suggestion

Limitations

Data can be incorrectly imported (1) if survey does not follow format of spreadsheet (1)

Inexperienced users (1) could delete data (1)

A spreadsheet cannot manipulate text (1) soBenefits

Survey can be linked to a spreadsheet (1) so results are directly imported (1)

Data can be ordered / grouped (1) according to pre–set rules (1)

Cell names (1) can be used to categorise data (1)

Any other valid suggestion

Limitations

Data can be incorrectly imported (1) if survey does not follow format of spreadsheet (1)

Inexperienced users (1) could delete data (1)

A spreadsheet cannot manipulate text (1) so questions on survey need to be numerical (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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Explain how a spreadsheet could be used when analysing the results of the survey.

Graphs / charts (1) can be used to convey numerical information (1)

Modelling / what-if questions can be used (1) to determine impact of variables on data (1)

Many people can use the spreadsheet (1) with cells being locked to avoid changes (1)

Statistical data can be found (1) by using functions / formulae (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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Speed is one characteristic of an internet connection. Identify one other characteristic of an internet connection

Range (distance) (1)

Strength (1)

Latency (1)

Bandwidth (1)

Contention (1)

Storage capacity (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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A retail organisation uses data and information.

Explain what is meant by the public information classification type.

Possible responses include:

Information which can be seen by anyone (1) and is in the public domain (1) does not include sensitive information (1)

Example provided (1) e.g. shop address / Census records / Electoral Roll

Any other valid suggestion

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Identify two stakeholders of this type of information

Office of National Statistics / ONS (1)

Credit Reference Agencies (allow examples e.g. Equifax) (1)

N.H.S (1)

The general public (1)

Government (1)

Security services (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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Comparability is one characteristic of information. Identify two other characteristics of information and explain why each is important.

Validity (1st) the information must be appropriate / valid for the purpose for which it is being used / held (1) invalid information detracts from the purpose of the information (1)

Bias (1st) information that is one–sided (1) it may be correct but ignores alternative views (1)

Reliability (1st) information must not be wrong, out of date or inaccurate (1) reliable information has value / unreliable information is less valuable (1)

Accuracy (1st) information must be accurate / correct / (1) or it is worthless (1)

Age / up–to date (1st) information can change over time (1) information from the past may no longer be useful / relevant (1)

Relevance (1st) if information isn’t relevant (1) then it is useless / worthless (1)

Completeness (1st) all information must be present (1) if any is missing then the information cannot be used (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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The organisation needs to send a targeted mailshot to customers about a new range of children’s toys

Describe how the text style used in the mailshot should be considered.

Possible ways in which the text style used in the mailshot should be considered include:

The text style must be easy to read / appealing to customers (1)

Have to fit in with company house style / may be defined in house style (1)

Text style must be appropriate to the contents of the mailshot (1)

Any other valid suggestion

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Explain how a database of customer records could be used to produce the mailshot to customers

Criteria for receiving mailshot is determined (1)

Example e.g. customers who have ordered children’s toys in last 6 months (1)

Query is used in database (1)

To select relevant / appropriate customers (1)

Mail merge set up / run (1)

Any other valid suggestion

Some of the customers of the organisation have a visual impairment.

Identify the information style of the mailshot which could be used for these customers.

Possible information styles for the mailshot include:

Braille (1)

Audio / speaking / voice advert (1)

Any other valid suggestion

Explain one advantage and one disadvantage to the online retailer of using WWW technologies

24/7 access for customers (1) so that people can buy from the website at any time of day, increasing sales (1).

Global audience (1) because the online shop will be

Discuss the possible impacts that poor quality information could have for an online retailer

24/7 access for customers (1) so that people can buy from the website at any time of day, increasing sales (1).

Global audience (1) because the online shop will be
Advantages

24/7 access for customers (1) so that people can buy from the website at any time of day, increasing sales (1).

Global audience (1) because the online shop will be accessible all around the world on the World Wide Web, increasing the number of potential customers (1).

Any other valid suggestion.

Disadvantages

Increased costs for securing their computer systems (1) to assist protection against cyber–crime (1).

Cost of maintaining the website (1) as it must be updated regularly to remain relevant to their customer base (1).

Complex data storage required (1) due to data traffic, complex links to customer and financial organisations as well as inventory systems for stock control, etc. (1).

Any other valid suggestion.

Information is held by individuals and organisations globally. Explain one reason why working from home in a rural location might affect an individuals ability to work remotely

Indicative content:
Quality of information that may be poor:

reliability

validity

relevance

accuracy

time frame

accessibility

cost–effectiveness

appropriateness.

Negative impact of poor quality information:

on reputation due to negative reviews from customers online.

on ability to respond to customers’ needs.

on delivery times caused by inaccurate stock information.

on profits due to poor management decisions based on out of date information.

on sales due to declining customer base.

on returns as incorrect items sent out due to unreliable order details.

Analyse possible issues for organisations when transmitting sensitive data

There could be poor connectivity (1) due to poor communication infrastructure (1).

The slow speed of the internet connection (1). could result in the lone worker not being able to access certain sites or download files (1).

Analyse possible issues for organisations when transmitting sensitive data

Indicative content:

Compliance with legislation locally and globally

Cost of infrastructure to ensure security of systems against cyber attacks

Methods to use to secure systems and data against cyber attacks

Impacts to organisations if transmitted sensitive data gets into the wrong hands

A school holds records, in a database, about its students and staff. The records include personal details including name, gender, date of birth, any disabilities or medical problems and contact details. Some of the data held in the database can be classified as private. Using an example from the database, explain what is meant when classifying information as private.

Possible explanation of what is meant when classifying information as private include:

Information that relates to an individual / student / teacher (1)

Should not be available (1) to anyone (1) without permission from data subject (1)

Covered by the DPA / GDPR (1)

Needs to be stored in a way (1) that ensures compliance (1) with DPA / GDPR (1)

Example – e.g. gender / date of birth / disability / health issues (1)

Any other valid suggestion

(b). Explain one impact to the student if the data is not transmitted securely.

Possible explanation of one impact to a student if data is not transmitted securely include:

Identity theft (1) can result in financial loss / loans being taken out (1) so future credit may be affected (1)

Identity theft (1) may not be able to take exams (1) so limiting accessibility to jobs / college (1)

Any other valid suggestion

This question relates to the case study on PH Your Flowers (see also Insert for Unit 2, January 2019). PH Your Flowers has just created a social media account. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages to PH Your Flowers of using social media to promote the business

Advantages: Increased online presence. Increased contact with customer. Updates to range of flowers/options/additions can be shared on the page. Good comments left by customers can be seen by a wide audience. Customers can post pictures of the flowers/additions that have been delivered. People can like posts/pictures. Posts/pictures can be shared so increasing number of people who see them. Any other valid suggestion. Disadvantages: May need to employ a member of staff to manage the social media account, so increasing wages. Page needs to be monitored and maintained.

. A dental practice is creating a new contact management system to record details of its patients, appointments and treatments. The dental practice is updating its website. Explain, using an example, how the dental practice could make use of animated graphics on its website

Possible explanations of how the dental practice could make use of animated graphics include: Can show processes (1). Easier to understand (1) than reading text (1). All ages can watch the animated graphic (1). People who cannot read English well / English as a 2nd language (1) will be able to understand (1). Example (1) e.g. How to clean your teeth. Any other valid suggestion.

. A crime prevention charity provides help and assistance to people who have been the victims of crime. The charity also collects and collates crime statistics for publication on neighbourhood websites. Some of the statistics can be classified as sensitive. Explain, using an example, what is meant by the term sensitive.

An explanation, including an example, of the term sensitive include: Information that should not be generally available (1) This information could cause harm if released (1) Information that is protected against unwarranted disclosure (1) Access should be safeguarded. (1) The information can be business or personal (1) Example (1) e.g medical conditions / disability of victims of crime

A crime prevention charity provides help and assistance to people who have been the victims of crime. The charity also collects and collates crime statistics for publication on neighbourhood websites. When the statistics have been collected, they are collated and analysed. Identify and describe two advantages of using a spreadsheet when collating the statistics.

Possible identification and description of advantages of using a spreadsheet to analyse data to include: Different worksheets can be used (1st) for the different types of statistics (1) example e.g different areas / types of crime (1) Use of functions/formula (1st) can reduce errors (1) when collating large amount of statistics (1) Automatic recalculation (1st) to ensure that if new statistics are included (1) the analysis will be the same (1) Cells can be protected (1st) so structure of spreadsheet can be set up in advance (1) and will produce the same analysis each time (1) Use of calculations (1st) for accurate (1) analysis (1) Any other valid suggestion

21. This question relates to the case study on Book_Shelve (see Insert for Unit 2, January 2022). Schools send videos to Book_Shelve to show the impact the books have had on their students. The videos use the schools’ native languages. The subtitle information style is used to ensure that English language speakers can understand the videos. Justify the use of the subtitle information style.

Justification of the information style includes: The schools are located in countries around the world (1) English may not be the 1st language (1) Video speech will need to be translated (1) so that the donors / charity can understand the message (1) If English is used (1) then the accents may be difficult for the charity / donors to understand (1) so subtitles will make the message understandable. (1) Hearing disability (1) to allow access for full range of users (1) Background noise on video (1) can interfere with hearing the message (1)

A crime prevention charity provides help and assistance to people who have been the victims of crime. The charity also collects and collates crime statistics for publication on neighbourhood websites. The results of the collation and analysis of the statistics are presented on neighbourhood websites. Explain how the information style of audio can be used during the presentation of the statistics on the websites.

Possible explanation of how the information style of audio can be used during the presentation of the statistics on the websites to include: Used in a video / Presentation Software (1) to describe the results of the analysis (1) Person / presenter speaking (1) to provide further details about the analysis (1) In separate files (1) to provide more in-depth analysis of the statistics (1) Accessibility of information(1) for visually impaired(1) Any other valid suggestion

. This question relates to the case study on Book_Shelve (see Insert for Unit 2, January 2022). The schools can query the catalogue of books to find books that meet their requirements Identify the information management process that the query would be included in. Describe the process that takes place.

Possible identification of the process with description include: (Collecting, Storing) Retrieving (1) A query is carried out (1) on the catalogue of books section (1) The query is based on (1) age range / subject and type of

A hairdressers has clients including men, women and children. They are considering a new computer system to manage the bookings and to enable clients to book their appointments through an online booking system. Identify the classification of information the appointments would be included in. Justify your choice.

Identification and justification of classification of data include: Business (1st) The appointments are data that applies (1) to the hairdressers (1) The appointments are crucial (1) to the running of the business / hairdressers (1) Any other valid suggestion

23(a). The hairdressers will be storing client details including names, addresses and contact details including mobile numbers and email addresses. Explain why the client details would be included in the personal classification of information.

An explanation of why the personal information classification is used include: The contact details (1) are information about a person / client (1) The contact details should not be seen by anyone (1) who is not authorised to do so (1) and should be kept securely (1) The details are covered by the DPA / GDPR (1) Permission should be given (1) before the contact details are shared with anyone. (1) Any other valid suggestion

(b). The new booking system will enable clients to book their appointments online. The clients will be able to see the available days and times for the appointments. The client will be able to select the stylist they want to cut their hair and confirm the appointment. This appointment will then no longer be available for booking by other clients. Discuss the consequences to the hairdressers if the client and booking information is of poor quality.

Indicative content: Appointments missed by clients leading to loss of revenue Incorrect appointments booked by clients so stylist may not be available Double booking of appointments for the same day / time / stylist meaning two clients arrive at the same time Appointments being shown on online appointments page being incorrect meaning confidence is low Appointments not being made unavailable when booked by a client meaning appointments can be double booked Loss of reputation if online booking page is unreliable Clients may not be able to be reminded if client details are incorrect so appointments may be missed Any other valid suggestion

Identify two magnetic media devices

(Internal / external) hard drive (1) Magnetic tape (1)

. Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of using magnetic media to store a back-up copy of a database

Possible description of one advantage and one disadvantage include: Advantage: An external hard drive (1) can be used and stored off site / in a safe place (1) Can store a large amount of data (1) so multiple backups can be stored (1) Cheap form of storage (1) per megabyte of storage (1) Any other valid suggestion Disadvantage: External / portable devices (1) can be easily damaged/lost (1) Mechanical failure/ crash (1) and may lose/corrupt/damage the data stored on it (1) Has a finite / definitive amount (1) of storage space (1)

A box is ticked if customers choose to opt out. Identify the data type used for the tick box. Justify your answer.

For one mark: Boolean (1st) Possible justification of data type to include: The box only (1) has two options (1) Opt-out if ticked (1) opt-in if left unticked (1) Any other valid suggestion