LO B Flashcards
Define a Public Sector organization?
The Public Sector organisations are financed and directly managed by government. The public sector health services and systems of organisation in the four countries that make up the UK generally work independently of each other, but there is no discrimination when individuals/service users move from one part of the UK to another. These four services are – National Health Service England (NHS), NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland
Who provides Primary Health Care?
Primary Health Care is provided by GP’s, Dentists, opticians, pharmacists etc. The are services normally accessed directly by the service user as the need arises
What is Tertiary Health Care?
Tertiary Health Care provides specialist, and normally complex, services. For example specialist spinal injury units or hospice support. Referral to these services is by health professionals who have identified the need
What services are regarded as Secondary Health care?
Secondary Health Care includes most hospital services, mental health services and many of the community health services. These are normally accessed via the GP using referral. However, members of the public and emergency services have direct access to accident and emergency services of hospitals.
Who finances the NHS?
Who Manages an NHS trust?
NHS Foundation Trusts – established in 2004. Independent health services, largely financed by government, that manage the delivery of hospital services, mental health services and community health services in England.
They are managed by a board of governors, which may include patients, staff, members of the public, partner organisations.
The aim is to move decision making from a centralised NHS to local communities.
What do Mental Health foundation trusts do?
Mental Health Foundation Trusts provide specialist support and are managed by the community including people who use mental health services. Patients, families, friends. Local organisations and local residents can become members of the foundation. Members then elect governors who have responsibilities for a range of care.
The services provided include psychological therapies, support of psychiatric nurses and specialist support for people with severe mental health problems
What do Community Health Foundation Trusts do?
What services do they provide?
Community Health Foundation Trusts work with GPs and local authority social services departments to provide health and care support.
The services provided by the trust may include;
Adult and community nursing services
Health visiting and school nursing
Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy
Palliative/end of life care
Walk in/urgent care centres
Specialist services eg diabetes management, sexual health
What services does Adult Social care provide?
Adult Social Care is the responsibility of local authority social service departments. It is provision for people over 18 who have disabilities, mental health problems who are otherwise frail and unable to support themselves without specific and planned assistance.
The support provided can include;
Care in service users home e.g. cooking, cleaning, shopping etc
Day centres to provide care, stimulation and company
Sheltered housing schemes
Residential care
Respite care
Training centres for adults with learning disabilities
Who is responsible for Childrens services?
What do they do?
Children Services are the responsibility of local authorities. They are to support and protect vulnerable children and young people, their families and young carers. This requires multidisciplinary work.
Support can include; Services to safeguard children Day care for children under 5 and after-school support for older children Help with parenting skills Practical help in the home Support of a children’s centre Arrangements for fostering/adoption
Who funds GP practices?
What impacts the amount of funding the GP receives?
GP Practices are funded by central government as part of the National Health Service according to their assessed workload from their patients. Funding looks at age of patients, gender, levels of morbidity and mortality in the area, number of people in residential or nursing homes, patient turnover.
Additional funding can be granted by the NHS for high quality service, providing additional services e.g. flu jab, GPs length of service, support the cost of premises and equipment, cover additional costs if the GP practice also dispenses medicine.
This is often the first point of access whose role is to make initial diagnosis and refer to specialists if necessary. The GP and their team use holistic approach and multidisciplinary teams
What are Voluntary Sector organisations also known as?
Who can they support?
Voluntary Sector is often known as charities. Voluntary organisations vary greatly in size, history and the services they provide. There are the well-known groups – Shelter, NSPCC, Samaritans and some very small organisations that are run purely by volunteers for a specific need or particular local community.
Voluntary groups often rely on donations but may also receive support from central or localised government.
The services are managed independently from government, but government departments may sometimes pay charities to provide local services on their behalf for example NACRO (the National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders) receives government funding for their work with offenders.
The key features of a voluntary organisation are;
Not run for personal profit, any surplus income is used to develop their services
Usually use volunteers for at least some of their services
Managed independently of central government or local authorities
NCVO (the National Council for Voluntary Organisations) is the body that supports and promotes the work of the voluntary sector
How is Private Health care funded?
What services can they supply?
Private Sector health and care provision is managed by commercial companies. These are organisations that need to make a profit to stay in business. Private care providers work in all sectors, including the provision of;
Private schools
Nursery and pre-school services
Hospitals
Domiciliary day care services
Residential and nursing homes for older people
Mental health services
Private sector companies often provide services for central government and local authorities
They are funded by;
Fees paid directly by service users
Payments from health insurance companies e.g. Bupa
Grants and other payments from central and local government for services provided on their behalf
What sort of services can a hospital provide?
Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Outpatient – regular clinics, day surgery, specialist daytime care. Inpatient – treatment which needs 24 hour specialist support.
When a service user is referred to a hospital for specialist care, they have a right to choose which hospital they wish to attend as well as the consultant they would like to see. In hospitals, clinical departments are organised according to medical speciality
What types of clients can be supported by Daycare Services?
Day care centres/units are normally provided for specific client groups. In most places there will be day centres for older people, for people with disabilities, learning difficulties, mental health problems and specific conditions such as dementia or visual impairment. The provision is designed to provide a friendly, stimulating and supportive environment for people who otherwise would be socially isolated. They normally offer educational facilities to help with employment. They can be run by statutory, voluntary or private providers.
What sort of clients does Hospice care support?
Hospice Care aims to improve the quality of life for people who have an incurable illnesses. Care may be available from the moment of diagnosis through to the end of life. Hospice care is holistic focusing on PIES and the practical needs of the individual, their family, and carers. Care may be extended to support during the bereavement period
What sort of service is provided by Domically Care?
Domiciliary Care is provided in the client’s home. The care can be short-term, for example after coming out of the hospital or a family with a new baby or long-term, for example, for a service user with a disability or a frail older person.
This support can vary from a drop-in visit a day to 24-hour care, providing support with domestic tasks and intimate personal care. It looks to ensure service users are able to live as independently as possible in their own homes.
