LO 3 Flashcards
What factors need to be considered when thinking about supporting Physical and mental ill health.?
Physical and Mental Ill Health – when supporting people with physical and mental illness a multi-disciplinary approach is often best suited and needed. When people are being supported by health and care professionals it is not unusual for a range of needs, outside of the first on presented, to be discovered. For example people with mental health problems often have associated physical problems and a holistic approach will be needed – poor physical health can cause anxiety and depression.
Mental illness is difficult to define as ‘normal’ changes across time and across societies. Difficulty in defining it makes it difficult to monitor and the statistics around mental health are only based on those who have sought treatment.
Reasons with mental health problems may not seek professional help because;
They may not regard themselves as mentally ill – just having a rough time
They might not want to admit they have a mental health problem
They might be frightened about what a diagnosis might mean e.g. for employment
What is a definition of a learning Disability?
Learning Disabilities are defined by MENCAP (an organisation that supports people with learning difficulties) as ‘a reduced intellectual ability and difficulty with everyday activities…which affects someone for their whole life’. This can include difficulties with household tasks, shopping, public transport etc. Those with learning difficulties often also have other problems e.g. Down’s Syndrome is often connected to heart problems and hearing impairments.
Until the Community Care Act (1990) many people with learning disabilities were cared for in institutions or hospitals and were largely hidden from society.
The Disability Discrimination Act (1995) provided legal protection from discrimination in employment, access to public buildings and renting accommodation.
However MENCAP (2015) reports only 7% of adults with a learning disability are in paid employment
What is a sensory or physical Disability?
Physical and Sensory Disabilities
Prior to the Community Care Act (1990) many people with physical and sensory impairments lived in hospitals/institutions where the focus was on their physical care instead of a holistic approach.
A sensory impairment is when the function of the sensory organs is abnormally poor, limiting their ability to perform day-to-day activities. However they are only disabled if they are in a disabling environment – in other words adaptations and services have not been put in place
Is the poverty rate for those with disabilities higher or lower than the general population?
The poverty rate for adults with disabilities is twice that of adults without disabilities . This is due to a combination of higher rates of unemployment and the extra costs they face related to managing their impairment.
What is the EYFS?
Early Years The development of infants and young people is like a journey influenced by physiological changes and social environment. Care and education services supporting children in early childhood are required to follow a curriculum – the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS). This is a holistic model designed to address the needs of the whole child. It covers seven main areas; Communication and language Physical development Personal, social and emotional development Literacy Mathematics Understanding the World Expressive arts and design
Define later adulthood.
Later Adulthood Adulthood is associated with meeting physical and emotional maturity. Early adulthood (18-40) is when the ageing progress gradually begins. Middle Adulthood (40-65) begin to notice a decline in physical stamina, eyesight deteriorates, loss of skin elasticity and onset of menopause.
The aging process is most acute in later adulthood. At this stage there are changes in the brain structure that result in slower intellectual and physical reactions, poorer memory, less effective problem-solving skills. There is also physical changes, changes in sleep pattern, loss of efficiency in the immune system.
Many older people however live active and busy lifestyles. The may contribute to community activities, extend their education, provide family support for their children and grandchildren
What are the 6c’s?
The Chief Nursing Officers 6C’s were launched in 2012 and are now incorporated into the introductory Care Certificate for healthcare support workers and adult social care workers that was introduced in April 2015;Courage to always do the right thing and to speak up
Care is the heart and core of the profession, ensuring that the right care is provided always
Commitment means that the vision for service users can be realised and the needs of the service users are consistently met
Competence means ensuring staff can understand service users needs and have up-to-date knowledge and expertise
Compassion for service users and the carers based on empathy, respect and dignity
Communication is central to the caring relationship and empowering service users
What is the effect of policies and procedures?
The effect of policies and procedures
Policies, procedures, codes of conduct and codes of practices in health and care have become more specific in recent years. They are presented clearly so they can be understood and they are rigorously enforced. The inspection agencies have a specific responsibility to monitor standards of provision and to require immediate action where significant failings are identified.
Changes in policy and regulation have often been introduced following the investigations into failings of health and care settings.
What is the effect of regulation on HSC?
The effect of regulations
Where provision is failing to meet the standards required, immediate action can be required and its implementation carefully monitored.
Where care professionals fail to meet the standards set by their regulators, they can be disciplined and in the most serious cases removed from their professional register meaning they can no longer practice either voluntarily or in paid employment
Outline the Victoria Climbe case
Victoria Climbié was abused by her guardians and died in February 2000 in London. They were convicted of murder in January 2001
She was born in the Ivory Coast, West Africa and come to live in London with her great aunt and her great aunt’s boyfriend when they claimed they could give her a better life. Whilst living in London Victoria suffered horrific abuse, several organisations had contact and noted signs of abuse including police, social workers from 4 different local authorities, two housing authorities, the NHS, the NSPCC and local churches.
Following her death a enquiry was set up under Lord Laming to investigate how and why this happened. The report found countless examples of poor practice within the services and poor levels of communication between them.
The report resulted in government taking the following steps;
Every Child Matters (ECM) was introduced in 2003 to ensure all children, regardless of their background, should have the chance to reach their full potential by reducing ill health, eradicating abuse and neglect and improving educational success for all children.
The five aims were; stay safe, be healthy, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve economic wellbeing.
The Children Act (2004) led to the appointment of a Director of Children’s Services in every local authority who are responsible for the care and education of children in their area, ‘duty to cooperate’ for all services concerned with the care and safeguarding of children, setting up of local Safeguarding Boards, which are responsible for monitoring the professional practice of agencies in the safeguarding of children in their areas and the creation of a Children’s Commissioner with responsibility for representing and promoting the interests of children and young people, particularly the disadvantaged and children whose voices are rarely heard.
What happened at the Mid Staffs hospital?
The Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust
Concerns were raised in 2007 about the apparently high death rate, investigation found serious failings in the quality of care provided.
The Francis Inquiry was a report published in 2013 that outlined the widespread failures in the quality of care within the trust which included;
Chronic staff shortages, patients having inadequate access to food and water, patients left in soiled bedding, a culture where raising concerns about the quality of care was discouraged, a failure in management and leadership of the trust.
As a result of the enquiry a further report by Camilla Cavendish was set up to investigate the quality of recruitment, training and support for all non-registered staff in hospitals and other care settings. The report recommended that improved induction training should be in place for all healthcare assistants and support workers. This was introduced in March 2015.
Employers are required to ensure that all staff complete the Care Certificate which covers 15b units of study including;
Understanding the role as a support worker, equality and diversity, communication, privacy and dignity, safeguarding, health and safety and infection prevention and control
The CQC is responsible for ensuring that the Care Certificate is effectively delivered. Their guidance is that it should be completed within 12 weeks of a new entrant beginning their job.
Who are Jessica and Holly?
What was the outcome of the case?
Jessica Chapman and Holy Wells
In August 2002 the two primary school children were reported missing. Less than two weeks later, their bodies were found. They had been sexually assaulted and murdered by their school caretaker. It emerged during the investigation that he had prior investigations for sexual offences and burglary.
An enquiry led by Sir Michael Bichard made the recommendation that there should be a statutory agency with responsibility for vetting all individuals wanting to work/volunteer with children or vulnerable adults. The Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) was set up in 2002 and in 2012 the responsibility was given to the new Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS)
Who was Peter Connely?
What happened in this case?
Baby P
In 2008, 17 month old Peter Connelly died after suffering serious physical and psychological abuse over a 9 month period. He had been seen by numerous professionals during this period but they failed to intervene. He was living in the same area as Victoria had been years previously.
Lord Lamming conducted an investigation into why, despite changes in legislation, this tragedy had occurred. He found yet again communication had been poor, practice unprofessional and the standards of care inadequate.
He recommended that there should be;
A review of recruitment, training and supervision of social workers to ensure they receive better child protection training,
Improved safeguarding training for staff with a responsibility for the care of children
