LO 1.1 - Parent rock types Flashcards
- Sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rock
What are the three main types of rock in soil formation?
Types of rock in soil formation.
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic rocks.
What is Igneous Rock?
Igneous rock formed from molten rock material.
Rocks formed from magma (below surface) are intrusive igneous rocks. Have large crystal sizes (eg granite)
Rocks formed from lava (above surface) are extrusive igneous rocks. Have fine crystal sizes (eg basalt)
What is Sedimentary Rock?
Sedimentary rock
Is formed from weathered material ie. fragments of rock, clay, silt, sand – and from shells and skeletons.
Sediment is deposited in layers, and with compression form rock. Eg sandstone, shale, limestone.
How might you identify Sedimentary rock.
- It looks like bits of other rocks stuck together.
- It has a gritty feel and bits can be rubbed off it.
- It contains fossils, bits of shell or pebbles.
- There are no, or very few, crystals in it.
- All the grains look rounded and worn.
Name a few types of Sedimentary Rock.
Types of Sedimentary rock.
- Glacial Conglomerate
- Shale
- Shelly Limestone
- Sandstone
- Chalk
- Anthracite
- Branded Iron
What is Metamorphic Rock?
- Metamorphic rock is formed from igneous or sedimentary rock and which was altered either by intense heat or pressure.
- Slate from shale
- Quartz from sandstone
- Marble from limestone
Name some Metamorphic Rocks.
Metamorphic Rocks
- Slate
- Schist
- Gneiss
- Shalerite Ore Rock
- Jadeite
- Marble
- Garnet Amphibolite
- Deformed Conglomerate
- Eclogite
