LO 1 Flashcards
T or F: The word root is the foundation of a word
True
Medical Terminology is derived from two languages. What are they?
Greek and Latin
A suffix indicates what?
Indicates a procedure or condition
A prefix indicates what?
Size, time, and position
Define: Hemi- = ? -ectomy= ? Hyper- = ? -itis = ?
Hemi- = half -ectomy = removal Hyper- = excessive, above -itis = inflammation
Word root + ______ = ______
Word root + combining vowel (in brackets) = combining form
A root word plus the. Combining vowel is referred to as the ______
Combining form
T or F: A prefix is the word ending
False
T or F: A suffix is the word beginning
False
What are the 3 rules of word construction?
#1) Before a suffix beginning with a vowel, the combining vowel is dropped #2) Before a suffix beginning with a consonant, the combining vowel is retained #3) Between two word roots, the combining vowel is retained ***see p.5 for examples***
What are the 3 rules for word analysis?
#1) using slash marks, divide the word into its components #2) Write the meaning of the component part below it or above it #3) To define the word, begin with the suffix then the beginning word
For words ending with is, _____
Drop the is (singular) and add es (plural)
- testis and testes
For words ending with um, _______
Drop the um (singular) and add a (plural)
- ovum and ova
For words ending with us, _______
Drop the us (singular) and add i (plural)
- bronchus and bronchi
For words ending with a, _______
Retain the a (singular) and add e (plural)
- vertebra and vertebrae
For words ending in ix and ex, _____
Drop the ix or ex (singular) and add ices (plural)
- apex and apices
- appendix or appendices
For words ending with on, ____
Drop the on (singular) and add a (plural)
- ganglion and ganglia
For words ending with ax, _____
Drop the x (singular) and add ces (plural)
- thorax and thoraces
For the words ending with Oma,_____
Drop the Oma (singular) and add omata
- myxomatosis and myomata
For words ending with y, ____
Drop the y (singular) and add ies (plural)
- biopsy and biopsies
A word root plus the combining vowel is referred to as the ______
Combining form
Between two word roots, the combining vowel is ______
Retained
Before a suffix beginning with a ____, the combining vowel is retained
Consonant
Before a suffix beginning with a vowel, the combining vowel is ____
Dropped
T or F: the word axillae is being used in the singular form
False
T or F: The word testis is being used in the singular form
True
Ch is sometimes pronounced like
k
- chronic, cholecystitis
Ps is pronounced like
S
- psychiatry, pseudocyesis
pn/gn/kn is pronounced like
N
- pneumonia, gnath, knee
Pt is pronounced like
T
- pterygium, ptomaine
C is pronounced s before
E, i, y
- cytoplasm
G is pronounced j before
E, i, y
- generic
- *gynecology is an exception
C and g have a hard sound ____
Before other letters
- cardiac, gastric
Ae and oe are pronounced
E when contained within a word
- paediatrics, foetal
Ae is pronounced
A when found at the end of a word
- fossae, vertebrae
I at the end of a word to form a plural is pronounced
Eye
- glomeruli, alveoli
E and es at the end of a word are often pronounced
As separate syllables like e, a
- syncope, nares, indices
Ph is pronounced like
F
- physiotherapy, physician
Rh so pronounced like
Rhu
- rheumatism
What are the 5 types of component combinations?
1) A combining form + suffix
2) A prefix + suffix
3) A prefix + combining form + suffix
4) Two or more combining forms + a suffix
5) Two or more combing forms
* ** see page 3 for examples***
