LM 6.4: Leg Flashcards
what are the compartments of the leg?
- anterior
- posterior
- lateral
which nerves innervate each of the compartments of the leg?
- anterior =
deep fibular nerve - posterior = tibial nerve
- lateral = superficial fibular nerve
what are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg? which nerve are they innervated by?
- tibialis anterior
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor hallucis longus
innervated by deep fibular nerve
what are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg? which nerve are they innervated by?
- fibularis longus
- fibularis brevis
innervated by the superficial fibular nerve
evert the ankle
what are the muscles in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg? which nerve are they innervated by?
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris
innervated by the tibial nerve
what are the muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg? which nerve are they innervated by?
- tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
- popliteus
innervated by the tibial nerve
what is the action and innervation of the tibialis anterior?
action = plantar flexes and inverts foot
innervation = deep fibular nerve
located immediately lateral to anterior border of tibia
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the extensor hallucis longus?
distal attachment = 1st digit phalanx
action = extends 1st digit; dorsiflexes foot/ankle
innervation = deep fibular nerve
often hidden between tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
“hallucis” means great toe
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the extensor digitorum longus?
distal attachment = digits 2-5
action = extends digits 2-5; dorsiflexes foot
innervation = deep fibular nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the fibularis longus?
proximal attachment = fibula
distal attachment = base of 1st metatarsal
action = eversion of foot
innervation = superficial fibular nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the fibularis brevis?
proximal attachment: fibula
Distal attachment: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Action: eversion of foot
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the gastrocnemius?
Two heads: medial & lateral
Proximal attachment: femur
Distal attachment: calcaneus
Action: flexes leg/knee; and plantar flexes foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the soleus?
Proximal attachment: soleal line of tibia; head, neck &; shaft of fibula
it does NOT attach to femur so doesn’t act on knee joint, just the ankle
Distal attachment: calcaneus
Action: plantarflexes foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the plantaris?
Proximal attachment: femur
Distal attachment: calcaneus
Action: flexes leg/knee; plantar flexes foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Little helper for lateral head of gastrocnemius
what is the action and innervation of the tibialis posterior
Tucked between flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus muscle
Action: plantarflexes and inverts foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the flexor hallucis longus?
Distal attachment: 1st digit, aka big toe
Action: flexes big toe; and plantarflexes foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Muscle belly is most laterally located of posterior deep compartment
what is the action, attachment and innervation of the flexor digitorum longus?
Distal attachment: digits 2-5
Action: flexes digits 2-5; and plantarflexes foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Muscle belly is most medially located of posterior deep compartment
what is the action and innervation of the popliteus muscle?
Action: unlocks knee = medial rotation of tibia
Innervation: tibial nerve
which muscles make up the achilles tendon?
gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris
what’s the pneumonic for the arrangement of the tendons, arteries and nerve from anterior to posterior?
tom, dick and very nervous harry
