LL- Foot And Ankle Flashcards
Muscles in ANTERIOR compartment of lower leg… (4)
All do…
All do dorsiflexion
- tibialis anterior
- peroneus Tertius
- extensor hallucis longus
- extensor digitorum longus
Muscles in PERONEAL/ LATERAL compartment of lower leg… (2)
All do …
All do eversion
- peroneus longus
- peroneus brevis
Muscles in SUPERFICIAL POSTERIROR compartment of lower leg (3)
Also called..
Triceps surae
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris
Muscles in DEEP POSTERIOR compartment (3)
- tibialis posterior
- flexor hallucis longus
- flexor digitorum longus
Muscles in PLANTAR FLEXION (5)
- flexor hallucis longus
- flexor digitorum longus
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- tibialis posterior
“fibularis” also called
“peroneus”
JOINTS in foot (8)
- talocrural (“true ankle joint”)
- inferior tibiofibular
- intertersal
- subtalar
- mid tarsal
-tarsometatarsal - MTP (meta-tarso-phalangeal)
- IP (interphalangeal)
Ligaments in ankle (5)
- ant/post Tibiotalar Ligament
- ant/post Talofibular Ligament (A/PTFL)
- Calcaneofibular Ligament (CFL)
- Tibiocalcaneal Ligament
- Tibionavicular Ligament
triceps surae consists of …
- gastrocnemius (medial h.)
- gastrocnemius (lateral h.)
- soleus
Gastrocnemius info
ORIGIN
- Medial head: above medial
femoral condyle
- Lateral head: just above lateral femoral condyle
INSERTION
- calcaneus
(via Achilles Tendon)
ACTIONS
1. Plantarflexion of ankle
2. ????
Soleus info
ORIGIN
- Soleal line of tibia
INSERTION
- Calcaneus
(via Achilles Tendon)
ACTIONS:
1. Plantar flexion
NERVES
- Tibial nerve S1,2,3
Tibialis Posterior info
ORIGIN
-Interosseous membrane
INSETION
-Navicular tuberosity
ACTIONS
1. Plantar flexion
2. Stabilises ankle
NERVE
- Tibial nerve L5,S1
FLEXOR Hallucis Longus (FHL) info
ORIGIN
-Interosseus membrane
INSERTION
-distal phalanx of hallux
ACTIONS
1. Plantar flexion
2. Flexes great toe
3. Weak invertor of foot
NERVE
-Tibial nerve L5,S1,2
FLEXOR digitorum longus (FDL) info
ORIGIN
-Posterior surface of tibia below soleal line
INSERTION
- bases of 2nd – 5th distal phalanges
ACTIONS
1. Plantarflexion
2. Flexes 2nd to 5th toes
3. Weak invertor of foot
NERVE
-Tibial nerve L5,S1
dorsiflexors located in what compartment
anterior
Tibialis ANTERIOR info
Origin:
- lateral TIBIAL condyle
Insertion:
- base of 1st metatarsal
- medial cuneiform
(medial, plantar surfaces)
Actions:
1. Dorsiflexion
2. Inversion
Nerve:
- Deep peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
EXTENSOR digitorum longus (EDL) info
Origin:
- lateral TIBIAL condyle
Insertion:
- base of middle/distal phalanges of 2-5th toes
(dorsal surfaces)
Actions:
1. Dorsiflexion of lateral 4 toes
2. weak evertor of foot
Nerve:
- Deep peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
EXTENSOR hallucis longus (EHL) info
Origin:
- interosseus membrane
Insertion:
- base of proximal/ distal phalanges
(dorsal surfaces)
Actions:
1. Dorsiflexion of hallux
2. weak invertor of foot
Nerve:
- Deep peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
muscles involved in INVERSION (2)
- Tibialis Anterior
- Tibialis Posterior
muscles involved in EVERSION (3)
Peroneus…
- longus
- brevis
- tertius
Peroneus longus info
Origin:
- proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
- base of 1st metatarsal
(via groove on plantar surface of cuboid)
Actions:
1. Eversion
2. weak plantarflexor at mid tarsal joint
Nerve:
- Superficial peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
Peroneus BREVIS info
Origin:
- distal 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion:
- 5th metatarsal tuberosity
Actions:
1. Eversion
2. weak plantarflexor
Nerve:
- Superficial peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
Peroneus TERTIUS info
Origin:
- distal 1/3 of ANTERIOR fibula
Insertion:
- base of 5th metatarsal
(dorsal surface)
Actions:
1. Eversion
2. weak dorsiflexor for little toe
Nerve:
- DEEP peroneal nerve
(L4,5,S1)
Plantar flexors in — compartment?
deep posterior
Retinaculum’s around ankle
- EXTENSOR retinaculum
- PERONEAL retinaculum
- FLEXOR retinaculum
Retinaculums of ankle- what, function
what
- thickening of fascia which surrounds muscles in lower leg
function
- to hold tendons in position when contracted
ROM for plantar flexion
45-50 degrees
ROM for dorsiflexion
10-30 degrees
ROM for inversion
35 degrees
which side is fibula and tibia on
fibuLA is on LAteral
tibia on medial
(In anatomical postion)
