living wrld

Question 1

rainforest plant adaptations

Answer 1

-drip tips
-buttress roots
-epiphytes
-lianas
-long, straight tree trunks with no branches until they reach the light

Question 2

rainforest animal adaptations

Answer 2

-sloth= long arms + claws, brown algae layer for camo
-tree frog= textured skin for tree bark mimicry
-spider monkey= long strong arms + tail
-toucan= beak 1/3 body length, but lightweight

Question 3

causes and facts for Amazon deforestation

Answer 3

-mining= 50k hectares land cleared for mining
-cattle ranching is 80% of Amazon deforestation
-700km^2 cleared for hydroelectric dam for energy
-oil and gas/mining
-settlement
-road building
-logging
-palm oil plantations

Question 4

why are rainforests so valuable

Answer 4

-25% of all medicine is from rainforests
-66% cancer treating plants only come from rainforests
-eg; quinine=malaria, liana bark=sclerosis/parkinsons
-50 millions indigenous in rainforests
-mahogany, food (avocado), minerals (gold)

Question 5

avrg daytime hot desert temp

Answer 5

40’C

Question 6

nightime temp hot desert and why

Answer 6

below freezing; no clouds to insulate

Question 7

avrg hot desert annual rainfall

Answer 7

under 250mm

Question 8

hot desert soil

Answer 8

dry + sandy

Question 9

interdependence definition

Answer 9

dependence of two or more people or things on each other. The abiotic and biotic components are dependant on each other; if one changes the others are effected.

Question 10

avrg rainforest annual rainfall

Answer 10

2500mm

Question 11

hot desert animal adaptation

Answer 11

-camel
-long shaggy fur keeps warm in cold month then sheds
-wide hooves prevent sink in sand
-energy rich fat store in hump
-long legs keep body away from heat
-urinate less and dry dung

Question 12

hot desert plant adaptation

Answer 12

-cactus
-spines instead of leaves reduced surface area= reduced transpiration
-thick waxy skin prevent transpiration
-reduced number of stomata reduce transpiration
-taproots, deep anchor roots to reach water and also wide area of roots

Question 13

hot desert case study

Answer 13

Sahara desert

Question 14

hot desert energy facts

Answer 14

-12+ hrs of sunlight
-330 sunny days per year
-solar panels take up space
-by 2030 algeria 40% energy come from renewable like solar

Question 15

hot desert tourism facts

Answer 15

-9 million tourist to egypt 2018
-10 million tourist to morocco 2017
-souvenirs, jobs, cafes
-120 species of animal in morocco desert

Question 16

hot desert mining facts

Answer 16

-35% morocco exports were mining 2011
-morocco 1/3 largest phosphate exporter
-could be dangerous

Question 17

hot desert farming facts

Answer 17

-90k tonnes dates from morocco exported a year
-drip irrigation system to prevent evaporation

Question 18

how many days does it take to transport salt from mali salt mine out of desert?

Answer 18

5 days

Question 19

what % of mauritania land is suitable for farming

Answer 19

0.2%

Question 20

desertification definition

Answer 20

land gradually turned into desert, usually located on edges of deserts. Becomes very dry and unusable, soil loses all moisture.

Question 21

causes of desertification

Answer 21

-population growth
-deforestation
-overgrazing / overcultivating
-soil erosion
-climate change

Question 22

salinisation definition

Answer 22

constant evaporation leaves layer of salt on the surface which affects soil fertility. evaporation draws water to surface, high salinity of water kills plants.

Question 23

What are atriplex bushes used for

Answer 23

atriplex bushes hold soil together (stop desertification) and improve area for local species

Question 24

what are contour traps and where are they used

Answer 24

contour traps are embankments built along contour of slopes to prevent soil from being washes down.
-Australia

Question 25

what are stone bunds used for

Answer 25

large walls of stone to prevent soil erosion as sediment is deposited as water flows through.

Question 26

how long is tree wall in sahara, and what are pros/cons

Answer 26

-8KM -stops desertification as roots hold soil together and prevent soil erosion -very expensive

Question 27

impacts of deforestation in Amazon

Answer 27

-loss of biodiversity -soil erosion -climate change (less transpiration= drier climate + co2 release/prevention from photosynthesis taking it in) -employment -investment

Question 28

hatchett pond food web

Answer 28

producer=leaves and algae primary consumer=great diving beetle secondary consumer=fish ,heron, kingfisher

Question 29

hatchett pond nutrient cycling

Answer 29

-rock/mineral are weathered which releases nutrients -producers die, decomposers break it down into organic matter -chemicals in atmosphere can be washed out by precipitation

Question 30

hatchett pond interdependance

Answer 30

-birds scavenge around pond; take fish -pond edge= high oxygen and light for plants -pond surface= plants and algae providing food/shelter -mid water=fish/animals since less oxygen/light; fish rely on food from surface/floor -pond bottom= low light/oxygen; organic matter falls here for decomposers (maggots, worms, bacteria)