Living world

Question 1

what is an ecosystem?

Answer 1

the living and non-living relationships between the environment and the organisms

Question 2

what is a biome?

Answer 2

a global ecosystem eg. a tundra, desert, savanna, rainforest, grassland, marine etc

Question 3

what is a producer?

Answer 3

organisms that obtain their energy from the sun

Question 4

what is a consumer?

Answer 4

organisms that obtain their energy from eating other organisms

Question 5

what is a scavenger?

Answer 5

organisms that eat dead animals or plants

Question 6

what is a decomposer?

Answer 6

bacteria that break down animals or plants

Question 7

what is the nutrient cycle?

Answer 7

the recycling of nutrients. they are stored in the soil and biomass and litter

Question 8

what is eutrophication?

Answer 8

lots of nutrients in a lake and causes lots of plant growth

Question 9

local changes that can change ecosystems

Answer 9

hedgerow removal and agricultural change

Question 10

global changes that can effect ecosystems

Answer 10

climate change (the world is changing 10,000 times faster than animals can adapt to it) and conflict

Question 11

Malaysian case study…

Answer 11

is in south asia
between equator and tropic of cancer
14.4% of the rainforest has been cut down
the WWF is protecting 30% of the land

Question 12

weathering can…

Answer 12

…make everything break down faster because of the warm weather and the biomass takes all the nutrients up

Question 13

the fall out can…

Answer 13

…make the dead trees fall to the ground and make more litter

Question 14

the precipitation can…

Answer 14

…add nutrients to the nutrient cycles

Question 15

the run-off…

Answer 15

…nutrients are run out off the soil during heavy rain

Question 16

leaching is where…

Answer 16

…nutrients are lost out of the soil during heavy rain

Question 17

decay is…

Answer 17

…rapid decay due to warm weather, for the decomposers

Question 18

what are the 4 layers of the rainforest?

Answer 18

1. forest floor- dark and steamy, 2% of light, dead and decaying matter
2. lower canopy- grows quickly and plants competing for life
3. canopy- the main section, umbrella shapes
4. emergent- thick trunks, and only one or two of the tallest trees

Question 19

Lianas are…

Answer 19

woody creepers that are rooted to the ground but climb up thee trees

Question 20

buttress roots are…

Answer 20

massive ridges to support bases and increases surface areas

Question 21

epiphytes are…

Answer 21

plants that live on the trunks to make the most of the sunlight

Question 22

how much of the world’s oxygen does the amazon rainforest create?

Answer 22

20%

Question 23

what is subsistance farming?

Answer 23

it is the farmer creating food only for his own family

Question 24

where is the amazon rainforest?

Answer 24

it is 2/3 of Brazil, north the topic of Capricorn and is south of the equator with its coast of the Atlantic Ocean

Question 25

what is the nutrient cycle of the tundra?

Answer 25

they are the main stores. the nutrients are transported the most by fallout then uptake and deacy

Question 26

mineral extraction of svalbard

Answer 26

60% of the country is covered in glaciers, 300 people are in the mining industry,

Question 27

fishing in svalbard

Answer 27

norway claimed 200 nortical miles around Svalbard, in the barent sea is the richest in fish in the world, 2/3 of the UKs cod is from here, over 150 secies of fish

Question 28

energy development in svalbard

Answer 28

norway's only coal mine is supplies the country with all its heat, per year 40 tonnes of co2 is used per year per person which is 4 times the amount in the uk, planningto used geothermal and carbon capture in the future

Question 29

tourism in svalbard

Answer 29

very fertile environment, growing- 130,000 guests in 2012, a museum which has 40,000 visitors per year

Question 30

What is off road driving and why is it bad

Answer 30

When tourists go off road to go fishing etc. This is bad because it destroys habitats

Question 31

How to stop oil leaks?

Answer 31

Maintain pipelines- add insulation so they don’t crack under heat of oil/ coldness if weather Pipelines pass underneath ground- less risk of spill Make pipeline supported off ground- so don’t break in earthquakes and migrating caribou can migrate underneath

Question 32

What is the trans Alaskan pipe line?

Answer 32

It allows oil to be transported 1300km from Prudhoe bay to the port of Valdez. Also when it’s hot which helps be oil flow the it can melt permafrost which can change ecosystem

Question 33

How are the US government managing cold environments?

Answer 33

By establishing the national environmental policy act making sure lorries protect the natural environment and recognise the rights of native people. Also the western arctic reserve- a 9 mil hectare protected wilderness. Which is home to thousands of caribou, millions of migrating birds, musk ox, wolves and polar bears. Also there is the national oceanic and atmospheric administration oversees and sustainable fisheries in Alaska and protects the marine habitats

Question 34

What is he Antarctic treaty?

Answer 34

It is an important international agreement where it shows the unity between the Antarctic and the USA.

Question 35

Polar bears that like on the northern coast of Alaska and western Canada

Answer 35

Their population have declined by 40% in 10 years