Living with LTC, Health-Related QoL, Coping & Mental Illness Flashcards
What is the ‘work’ of chronic illness?
concerned with how a patient with a chronic illness manages both their illness and their everyday life as a single entitiy
Outline what is meant by the following components of the ‘work of chornic illness’, as well as providing an example:
Illness Work
Emotional Work
Identity Work
Illness Work
- dealing with physical manifestations of illness & how their self-conception changes as a result
- e.g. having to attend clinics/rehab
Emotional Work
- work required to protect the emotional well-being of others
- e.g. conscious decisions to demonstrate ability to remain active
Identity Work
- establishment and maintenance of an acceptable identity, whilst managing the actual and imagined reactions of others
- e.g. concealing HIV diagnosis out of fear of being treated differently
Which of these best describes the following?
A woman with RA makes sure she is always happy and cheerful when her family visit even when she is in a lot of pain as she doesn’t want them to worry.
- Biographical work
- Emotional work
- Everyday life work
- Identity work
- Illness work
- Emotional Work
What is the difference between a discreditable and discredited stigma?
(stigma = a negatively defined condition, attribute, trait or behaviour)
Discreditable
the sitgma is unknown and can be concealed e.g. HIV status
Discredited
the stigma is known and cannot be concealed e.g. physical disability
epilepsy would cross both domains as it is hidden unless they have a convulsion in public
What is enacted stigma and felt stigma with realtion to identity work?
Enacted Stigma
the real experience of prejudice, discrimination and disadvantage
Felt Stigma
the fear of enacted stigma, also encompassing a feeling of shame
Give 2 reasons why health needs to be measured?
- to target resources where they are needed
- to assess the effectiveness of interventions
- to monitor patients progress
- to establish the needs of healthcare
What is the purpose of patinet based outcomes?
attempt to assess well-being, from the patients perspective
What are PROMs?
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
measures of health that come directly from the patient
What are 2 advantages of using patient-recorded outcome measures?
improve clinical management of patinets
allows comparison of healthcare providers
What is health-related quality of life (HRQoL)?
the functional effect of an illness (and therapy) on a patient, as perceived by the patient
What is the difference between generic and specific instruments that are used to establish health related quality of life?
Generic
evaluates the patients overall health from all populations
(e.g. short form 36, SF-36)
Specific
evaluates a specific disease or anatomical site
(e.g. oxford hip score)
Give 2 advantages and 2 disasvantages of a generic instrument for evaluation of health related quality of life
Advantage
- can be used for broad range of health conditions
- enables comparison across treatment groups
Disadvantage
- generic nature means they are less detailed
- less sensitive to changes that occur as a result of an intervention
Give 2 advantages and 2 disasvantages of a specific instrument for evaluation of health related quality of life
Advantages
- very relevant content
- sensitive to change
Disadvantages
- cant be used for patients without the specific disease
- comparison between groups is limited
What is coping?
cognitive and behavioural efforts that are required to handle different demands, occuring from both internal and external sources
How does emotion and problem focused coping differ?
Emotion Focused Coping
change the emotion
via behavioural (talking to friends) or cognitive approaches (focus on positive)
Problem Focused Coping
change the problem or your resoeuces
via reducing the demads of situatuon or expanding the resources (difficult mobility improved by physio)
