Living Under Nazi Rule ❗️❗️ Flashcards
What are some things the nazis did during total war?
-Stopped production of any non war related products such as hair dyes and civilian clothes
-Ended professional sports
-Called 3 million women ages 17-45 to work- only 1 million turned up
What did Goebells become in 1944 during total war and what did he do/ introduce in this role?
Became Reich Trustee of war
-Increased age of compulsory work for women to 50
-Brought 7.6 million foreign worker to Germany to make more weapons
-Forced half a million to become soldier
-Created Volkssturm
Impacts of war in the German people
-Winter suffering:The first winter of war temperatures rarely rose above -5 degree C, frozen railways and heavy snowfall make transport difficult.
-Shortages:Rationing on food clothes and coal, Jews had a ration card with a J and receives less, poor quality and long queues but couldn’t complain.
-Women:Were never forced to work due to Hilters beliefs despite what Speer wanting them in factories, 1.5 million in war industries by 1941.
-Evacuation:KLV was program to evacuate German children- only 40,000 out of 260,000 eligible Berlin children went due to the indoctrination on the camps, Air raid shelter to protect from RAF bombing, older children placed in strict countryside camps run by hitler youth
Why did Germans keep on fighting u til the bitter end?
Loyalty to hitler
Fear of SS and gestapo
Effective propaganda
What happens in the war in 1945 as Germany began losing?
Hitler youth had to defend German towns
Russian red army took control of Germany- killing and raping as many as they could
What are 4 things the nazis did when they invaded Poland in 1939?
-Destroyed culture-Closed universities and arrested 30,000 of the most talented poles
-Stole land:Took what they believed was their for Lebensraum, aimed to Germanise poles
-Murdered Non Jewish poles:1.9 mill murdered by SS and Wehrmacht, humiliated in Germany and had to wear a P.- dungervolk
-Murdering Jewish poles-3 million murdered from 1940-45, put in death/conc camps and ghettoes
What happend in the 1944 Warsaw uprising?
The Polish Gov escaped to London in 1939 and helped establish a secret state called Delegaturna, this set up an uprising that lasted 2 months.
The nazis completely destroyed Warsaw and its people, killing 200,000 and shooting the hospital patients
What happend in the Netherlands in 1940?
Rotterdam was destroyed and the Dutch surrendered.The Nazis did not change the education system as they knew they would receive backlash. The Dutch celebrated the exhiled princess birthday and weren’t punished. Civil servants kept jobs but 30% of town mayers stepped down
What happend in the Netherlands in 1941/42?
First group of Jews sent to concentration camps (425). Communists set up a strike after this which led to trams stopping working, Nazis responded by shooting the strikers as they marched through the streets-killing 9 and arresting hundreds.
What happend in the Netherlands in 1943?
300,000 Dutch ex soldiers sent to Germany due to work shortages, lead to strike->95 killed and 400 wounded by Nazis
All Dutch men 16-60 forced to work
107,000 Jews taken to death camps
What happened in the Netherlands in 1944/45?
30,000 rail workers went into hiding
Shortages of food and coal- 20,000 died of starvation
Canadian soldiers liberated them in May 1945
