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Edexcel Religious Studies GCSE Route B (Beliefs in Action) > Living the Christian Life Content > Flashcards

Living the Christian Life Content Flashcards

To help learn the content from the Living the Christian Life part of the Christianity section.

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1
Q

What is liturgical worship?

A
  • Liturgical worship is worship which is set. The order of worship is usually printed.
  • It is the most common worship form for Catholics and Protestants.
  • Catholics celebrate the Eucharist almost every day because it is such an important source of grace.
  • Most Protestants only celebrate on Sundays or as little as once a month.
  • Some groups do not celebrate at all.
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2
Q

What is informal worship?

A
  • Worship which is not set and is usually not as concrete.
  • It is an informal kind of worship.
  • It typically consists of hymns, prayers and preaching.
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3
Q

How do some Christians use prayer books to worship?

A
  • The Church of England services follow the 1662 Book of Common Prayer or the 2000 Common Worship.
  • Morning and Evening prayer is included in these works and is an important source of worship
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4
Q

What is the importance of Prayer?

A
  • This is how Christians communicate with God.
  • Christians can pray on their own (private) or as a congregation (public)
  • Christians can use formulaic prayers. These are prayers which are set and have been passed down. E.G the Our Father, Hail Mary and Glory Be.
  • Or they might make up their own prayer. This is extempore prayer. These are spontaneous prayers.
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5
Q

What is the Lords Prayer?

A
  • Jesus taught it to his disciples.
  • It is a model for prayer because it contains Adoration, Confession, Thanksgiving and Supplication (ACTS)
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6
Q

What do the prayer types ACTS stand for?

A
  • Adoration: It means worship. Christians praise God for what he has done.
  • Confession: Telling God what you have done wrong and asking for forgiveness.
  • Thanksgiving: Being thankful to God.
  • Supplication: Praying for your own needs and the needs of others.
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7
Q

When do Christians pray?

A
  • Before important moments
  • At all times ‘Pray constantly’ (St Paul)
  • At particular moments which are set aside
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8
Q

What is formal prayer?

A
  • Prayer using formula and words from Church Tradition
  • E.G. The Lord’s Prayer, the Hail Mary etc.
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9
Q

What is extempore prayer?

A

Prayer which is informal using a person’s own words without planning or preparation.

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10
Q

What do Christians think about praying in private?

A
  • Matthew says prayer should not be done for show, but should be heartfelt and something which seeks a deeper relationship with God.
  • ‘Go into your room and shut the door and pray to your father who is in secret’
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11
Q

What is popular piety?

A
  • A form of devotion.
  • It refers to forms of worship or prayer that are inspired by culture rather than the liturgical worship of the church E.G the rosary.
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12
Q

What is a Sacrament?

A
  • An outward sign of an inward grace.
  • Christians believe while Jesus was on earth everything, he did was a visible sign of God’s love.
  • We can connect with this through the Sacraments.
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13
Q

How do the Sacraments help us experience God?

A
  • They experience Gods nourishing, forgiving, healing and strengthening power in a special way.
  • It helps them build their relationship with God and become more like Jesus.
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14
Q

What are the 7 Sacraments of the Catholic Church?

A
  1. Baptism
  2. Penance/Reconciliation/Confession
  3. Holy Communion/Eucharist
  4. Confirmation
  5. Holy Orders
  6. Marriage
  7. Anointing of the Sick
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15
Q

What are the 3 Sacraments of Protestant Churches?

A
  1. Baptism
  2. Confirmation
  3. Eucharist/Holy Communion

They have marriage but do not see it as a sacrament

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16
Q

What are the sacraments of the Salvation Army or the Society of friends?

A
  • They don’t have any
  • They believe these kinds of actions are internal spiritual experiences
  • They have marriage but do not see it as a sacrament
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17
Q

What is Baptism?

A
  • It is the first step in the lifelong journey of commitment and discipleship
  • water is poured on the babies head and the priest says:
    ‘I baptise you in the name of the father, the son and the Holy Spirit’
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18
Q

What is the meaning and significance of baptism?

A
  • The person baptised becomes part of the family of God.
  • Baptism takes away original sin and gives new life with the Holy Sprit
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19
Q

What is confirmation?

A
  • The person chooses to continue their faith
  • Confirmation is done when Christians are older.
  • It is usually given by the bishop
  • The bishop lays his hands on the persons head and anoints them with oil
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20
Q

What is the meaning and significance of confirmation?

A
  • It completes the sacrament of baptism
  • It gives the strength to follow Jesus and become more involved in the mission he left to the church.
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21
Q

What is Eucharist/Holy Communion?

A
  • At the last supper Jesus took bread and wine and asked his followers to re-enact the meal when they come together.
  • Christians receive the bread and wine at mass.
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22
Q

What is the meaning and significance of Eucharist/Holy Communion?

A
  • It is both a sacrifice and a meal
  • They believe in the real presence of Jesus who died for our sins.
  • They receive his body and blood and are fed spiritually.
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23
Q

What are the different attitudes to the Eucharist/Holy Communion throughout Christianity?

A
  • The bread and wine is significant to all Christians - it is their spiritual food which is needed
  • Catholics believe the bread and wine become the actual body and blood of Jesus (transubstantiation)
  • Most Protestant churches believe that the bread and wine is symbolic of the body and blood and Jesus’ presence is a spiritual one.
  • Baptists and Pentecostals think that the Communion service is an act of remembrance.
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24
Q

What do Baptists believe about baptism?

A
  • They practice a ‘believers’ baptism
  • They will have a dedication for their babies - but they will not be baptised
  • The person who is baptised will be baptised when they are adults - they can choose it for themselves
  • They talk about how they came to believe in Christ as their Lord and Saviour
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25
Q

Why is baptism important for Baptists?

A
  • It signifies the end of their old life outside the Church of being born again to new life in Christ
  • During baptism, God’s presence and blessing come upon them
  • They make a personal commitment of faith in Jesus as Lord
  • It is a moment when they receive God’s Spirit for service in the Church and in the world
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26
Q

What is a pilgrimage?

A

A journey toward heaven and a special occasion when Christians can renew prayer.

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27
Q

Where are some places Christians might go on pilgrimage?

A
  • Walsingham
  • Lourdes
  • The Holy land
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28
Q

Why might Christians go on pilgrimage to Walsingham?

A
  • Walsingham was the site at which a noblewoman had a vision of the Virgin Mary.
  • She was told to build a copy of the house of the Holy Family in Nazareth.
  • This was to honour ‘The Annunciation’
  • 1897 saw the restoration of the ‘sliper chapel’ where pilgrims used to rest on their way to Walsingham.
  • In 1931, the Anglican shrine was built very close to the 11th century one.
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29
Q

What happens at Walsingham?

A
  • There are masses every day
  • There is a national pilgrimage every year when pilgrims walk slowly to the shrine
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30
Q

Why might Christians go to Jerusalem?

A
  • It is where Jesus taught, was arrested, tried, crucified and buried.
  • The resurrection and ascension also took place in Jerusalem.
  • Pilgrims visit these sites as well as many churches, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Church of the Dormition.
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31
Q

Why might people go to Taize on pilgrimage?

A
  • The community at Taizé, a small village in central France, is an ecumenical monastic order with a devotion to peace and justice, achieved through prayer and meditation.
  • Made up of 100 Catholic and Protestant monks from over 30 countries across the world, prayer and silence are at the heart of the community.
  • Ecumenism is the promotion of unity among the Christian churches of the world.
32
Q

Why do some Christians not go on pilgrimage?

A
  • Protestant Reformers are agains threse pilgrimages as some believe it breaks the commandment to not worship false idols
  • Some believed that the relics were false and were there to deceive the pilgrims
33
Q

What is Advent?

A
  • Advent literally means ‘coming’ in Latin.
  • It begins on the fourth Sunday before Christmas and ends on Christmas Day.
  • It is a time of penitence and fasting in preparation for Christmas.
34
Q

What is the Advent wreath?

A
  • A wreath of four or five candles is placed in a prominent position in the church.
  • Readings on the first Sunday are about the Old Testament patriarchs and the first candle is lit, often called the candle of hope.
  • On the second Sunday, readings are about Christ’s birth and prophecies and the candle of Bethlehem/the way/the Prophets is lit.
  • Gaudete Sunday has readings based on John the Baptist and the rose candle is lit to represent the joy of the shepherds.
  • The readings on the fourth Sunday relate to the Annunciation of Christ’s birth and the Angel candle is lit.
  • The Christ candle is lit on Christmas Eve.
35
Q

What is Christingle?

A
  • This tradition was started by Bishop Johannes de Watteville in Germany in 1747.
  • It includes an orange which represents the world.
  • A candle in the centre of the orange, which represents Jesus Christ as the Light of the World.
  • Around the orange is a red ribbon representing the blood of Christ.
  • Dried fruits or sweets are pushed into the orange, representing the fruits of the earth and the four seasons.
36
Q

What is Christmasa and how do Christians celebrate?

A
  • The moment of the incarnation, when Jesus was ‘God made man’.
  • It is a family event, celebrating the Holy Family of Jesus, Mary and Joseph.
  • The tradition of giving presents remembers the gifts brought by the wise men of gold, frankincense and myrrh.
  • Children will often perform a Nativity play
37
Q

What is Holy Week?

A

Holy Week remembers the events leading up to Jesus’ death and resurrection.

38
Q

What happens during the first half of Holy Week? (Sunday - Thursday)

A
  • The days from Palm Sunday to Holy Thursday are known as Holy Monday, Holy Tuesday and Spy Wednesday (or Holy Wednesday).
  • Jesus’ predictions of his own death are observed on Holy Tuesday.
  • The story of Judas arranging his betrayal of Jesus to the high priests is recalled on Spy Wednesday.
39
Q

What happens on Good Friday?

A
  • Good Friday remember the crucifixion of Jesus, his death and his suffering.
  • For Catholics, Holy Communion is given at the Service of the Passion of the Lord.
  • The altar is bare in Catholic churches and is covered in black in Lutheran and Methodist churches.
40
Q

What happens on Holy Thursday?

A

Holy or Maundy Thursday remembers the Last Supper when the bread and wine were blessed and includes the denial of Peter.

41
Q

What is the Paschal Triduum?

A

The period of three days from Maundy Thursday to the Easter Vigil.

42
Q

What happens on Holy Saturday?

A
  • This is the day when the crucifixion of Jesus and his resurrection are remembered
  • Catholics only celebrate Mass after sundown.
  • The lamp of the tabernacle is extinguished as the tabernacle itself is left open and empty.
43
Q

What is the Easter Vigil?

A
  • The Easter Vigil is the beginning of Easter Day.
  • The Paschal Candle is lit from the new fire kindled and blessed by the priest, symbolising Christ’s resurrection.
  • The water of the baptismal font is blessed.
  • A special Eucharist happens to celebrate Jesus’ conquering of death.
44
Q

What is Lent?

A
  • A 40 day period of preparation
  • It starts on Ash Wednesday
  • It remembers the time when Jesus went to the desert and prayed and fasted
  • People often ‘give up’ something for Lent
45
Q

What is Ash Wednesday?

A
  • Ash is made from the palm crossed used at Easter the year before
  • Ash is marked on people’s foreheads at a special service
46
Q

What is the significance of Christmas?

A
  • It is the celebration of the incarnation
  • This means we can have a full relationship with God because of Jesus’ sacrifice
  • Through celebrating Christmas, Christians are united with the worldwide community of Christians
  • Christmas shows the importance of family - we should try and worship like the Holy Family did.
47
Q

What is the significance of Holy Week?

A
  • They renew and deepen their faith through remembering the events of Holy Week
  • Jesus faced admiration on Palm Sunday then was rejected and crucified - we could face that when we are asked to stand up for justice and peace
  • It reminds them Jesus is the Messiah
  • It reminds them of the importance of the Eucharist
  • It gives them strength in their suffering - Jesus suffered too
  • It reminds them of the salvation brought by Jesus
48
Q

What is the significance of Easter?

A
  • It celebrates the resurrection of Christ
  • It is the final part of the work of Jesus - Through the forgiveness of sins people can be restored to God
  • It proves death has been overcome - There is an afterlife
  • Jesus is not dead - he is alive to guide his church
  • It celebrates Jesus’ victory over death and evil
  • It proves predictions made about his death and resurrection were true - Jesus can believe other things he said
49
Q

What is the changing nature of Christianity in Britain?

A
  • The 2011 census showed Christianity was the largest religion (59.3% of the population)
  • There was a decrease by 12.4% of Christians in Britain
  • The North-East, and North-West had the highest proportion of Christians
50
Q

How is Britain a multi-faith society?

A
  1. We have strong Christian Heritage, however, there are lots of different religions including Muslims, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists.
  2. In the UK people have religious freedom.
  3. Atheism is also much more common now.
51
Q

What is inter-faith dialogue?

A

A co-operative and constructive engagement between people of different faiths or people of no faith to:
a. Promote mutual understanding, respect, tolerance and harmony
b. Identify common ground
c. Engage in shared action for the common good of society.

52
Q

Why do we need inter-faith dialogue?

A
  1. Living in a multi-faith society has many benefits - food, culture, clothes, music and literature for example.
  2. By living and working with each other we can gain greater tolerance, respect and understanding towards other people.
  3. This leads to a happy and safe society.
53
Q

What festivals, laws and traditions does the UK have?

A
  • ‘Keep the Sabbath holy’ - Shopping hours are restricted on Sunday
  • People often swear on the Bible in curt
  • Christian hymns and readings often feature in national or public events
  • Many people get married in Churches even though they are not otherwise religious
54
Q

What is the role of the Church in the local community?

A
  • Christians have a responsibility to serve others in their community.
  • Jesus taught that love should be shown practically
  • Christians have set up food banks to support the poorer members of their community
  • There are also Christian organisations of street pastors, who work to make the streets safer.
  • When the Christian community gathers, it prays for those in need.
55
Q

What is a parish?

A

Parishes are the local groupings of Christians. They are centred around the local church and the house of the priest.

56
Q

Has there been any growth in Christian churches?

A
  • There has been a decline in UK church attendance
  • Evangelical churches have grown in recent years due to their lively worship services
  • Christianity has grown in other parts in the world such as Africa, Asia and South America
57
Q

What do Christians believe about evangelisation?

A
  • Evangelism means preaching the ‘good news’
  • We are called to continue the work of announcing the gospel.
  • Evangelisation does not mean forcing people to convert.
  • It is about sharing and living out the message.
58
Q

What is ‘mission’?

A
  • The mission of the church
  • To tell others of the Christian message
  • To help Christians to have a life of faith and to grow in that faith
59
Q

What is evangelisation?

A
  • It is to enlighten those who may be in the dark and don’t have the truth.
  • Evangelisation brings salvation and the possibility of eternal life through Christ.
  • There is a dilemma for Christians who believe that faith in Jesus is a truth but who also live in a multi-faith society.
60
Q

How were Christians persecuted in the Early Church?

A
  • The Roman Emperor Nero in the 1st century killed Christians.
  • He fed them to rabid dogs and crucified them
61
Q

How are Christians persecuted now?

A
  • Christians are currently being persecuted in some Communist countries.
  • Sometimes, Christians face imprisonment and even violence for what they believe in, for example in China.
  • Those who have the courage to proclaim their faith despite this are honoured.
  • St Maximilian Kolbe was sent to Auschwitz and died there because of his work providing shelter for refugees.
  • Christians often believe that a willingness to suffer is a better witness to the Gospel than violence.
62
Q

Can you give an example of a Christian Charity which shows relief in action?

A
  • Tearfund
  • A Christian charity that tries to end poverty
  • It works to help places around the world escape poverty and disaster
63
Q

Why is tearfund important?

A
  • It campaigns against the causes of poverty
  • It gives practical help in order to act out the teachings of Jesus to help others
  • It encourages self-help for individuals and communities
64
Q

What is the Ecumenical movement?

A
  • A movement which tries to bring different Christian denominations closer together to promote Christian unity throughout the world
  • It has led to the formation of the World Council of Churches
  • They host conferences and councils to promote unity
  • It brings about greater Christian cooperation between Christian churches
65
Q

What is the World Council of Churches?

A
  • It attempts to bring a common Christian witness across the world
  • Holds a week of prayer for Christian Unity each year
  • Works in over 110 countries across the world
  • ‘Churches together in England’ came from their work
  • Catholics are not officially part of the WCC but they do take part in some events
66
Q

What is the role of the local chuch in the local Christian community?

A
  • It is the focal point of Christian identity and worship
  • It is where people go to show their devotion to God in Sunday services
  • Special services are held there to celebrate specific festivals
  • It offers sacraments to the people
  • It marries couples
  • Provides discussion and prayer groups
  • It gives local Christians a sense of belonging
67
Q

How does the local church help the local area?

A
  • It supports local Christian schools
  • It has social facilities such as youth clubs and mother and toddler groups so people can make friends
  • Provides things such as lunch clubs or breakfast mornings for elderly people
  • Hosting discussion groups such as Bible study groups for Christians who want to deepen their faith
68
Q

How might the local church be involved in outreach in the local area?

A
  • They put people in contact with Christian organisations such as ‘Good News Family Care’ or Marriage Care etc.
  • Priests or ministers give advice to couples having family problems
  • They can help provide financial support
  • They can provide legal advice clinics
  • They hold services in languages other than English to help people maintain their faith until they learn English
69
Q

How does the local church help the individual believer?

A
  • The chance to worship
  • The opportunity to take part in the sacraments
  • A place where they can deepen their faith through sermons and Bible discussion
  • Christian fellowship with other Christians
  • The Church believes that it is part of the body of Christ and that it must welcome, nurture and provide spiritual guidance for other members of Christs body
70
Q

What do Christians teach about charity?

A
  • God created humans to be stewards of the earth and so God wants us to ove our neighbours
  • In the Parable of the Sheep and Goats it teaches that God will separate humanity like a shepherd separates the sheep and goats.
  • The sheep would be those who helped people when they needed - Jesus says when people do things for people who are suffering, they do this for him.
  • Jesus identifies himself with those who suffer in this parable
71
Q

What does the Parable of the Sheep and Goats teach Christians?

A
  • Christians need to show love to everyone - especially those in need
  • By showing love to others, you are showing love to God
  • People will be judged by God in accordance to how they have acted on earth
  • Love of others is what God wants
72
Q

What does the Parable of the Sheep and Goats teach Christians about charity?

A
  • Explains that by showing love for others, we are showing love for God
  • Loving others means caring for those people who are sick, hungry, thirsty, strangers or in prison
  • Loving your neighbour is important
  • Shows Christians there is a reward for doing what God wants
  • There is a reward for loving those who are suffering
  • People who choose not to help those in need with be punished
73
Q

What is Christian Aid?

A
  • Christian Aid was founded by the British Council of Churches to help relieve the suffering of people left homeless after WW2
  • It is a leading UK development agency that works across the globe in nearly 60 countries
  • It aims to provide help where the need is greatest
74
Q

How do Christian Aid campaign to end world poverty?

A
  • Christian Aid speaks on behalf of poor communities to bring social justice.
  • It campaigns to cancel the debt owed by the world’s poorest countries
  • It promotes Fairtrade products
  • 15% of their spending in 2007 was on education, advocacy and campaigning
  • 50% of their spending is on development projects.
  • They particularly work in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and Asia
75
Q

How do Christian Aid help with disasters and emergencies?

A
  • It has a disaster fund to deal with natural disasters and refugees
  • Emergency aid includes sending water, food, antibiotics and shelters
  • They run appeals when disaster occur to try and rise more funding for these areas

Edexcel Religious Studies GCSE Route B (Beliefs in Action) (7 decks)

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