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Year 8 Science > Living Connections > Flashcards

Living Connections Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Molecule

A

two or more atoms joined (bonded) together, forming a small particle

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2
Q

Organelle

A

small structure in a cell with a special function

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3
Q

Cells

A

the smallest unit of life. Cells are the building blocks of living things.

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4
Q

System

A

group of organs working together

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5
Q

Cellular respiration

A

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP

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6
Q

Respiratory system

A

is responsible for getting oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out. This occurs when you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out

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7
Q

Circulatory system

A

is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to your body’s cells, and wastes such as carbon dioxide away from them

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8
Q

Blood

A

the red liquid that circulates around the body.

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9
Q

Blood vessels

A

the veins, arteries and capillaries through which the blood flows around the body

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10
Q

Heart

A

a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system so that oxygen and nutrients can be transported

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11
Q

Arteries

A

hollow tubes (vessels) with thick walls carrying blood pumped from the heart to other body parts

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12
Q

Capillaries

A

minute tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell of the body is supplied with blood through capillaries.

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13
Q

Veins

A

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

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14
Q

Digestive system

A

a complex series of organs and glands that processes food to supply the body with the nutrients it needs to function effectively

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15
Q

Excretory system

A

the body system that removes waste substances from the body

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16
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A

consists of the skeletal system (bones and joints) and the skeletal muscle system (voluntary or striated muscle).

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17
Q

Reproductive system

A

the body system involving the reproductive organs, which differ between males and females

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18
Q

Nervous system

A

the system of nerves and nerve centres in an animal in which messages are sent

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19
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

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19
Q

Leucocytes

A

white blood cells

20
Q

Plasma

A

the yellowish, liquid part of blood that contains water, minerals, food and wastes from cells

21
Q

Red. Blood cells

A

living cells in the blood that transport oxygen to all other living cells in the body

22
Q

Haemoglobin

A

the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygenated

23
Q

Oxyhaemoglobin

A

haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached

24
Q

White blood cell s

A

living cells that fight bacteria and viruses as part of the human body’s immune system

25
Q

Platelets

A

small bodies involved in blood clotting. They are responsible for healing by clumping together around a wound.

26
Q

Oxygenated blood

A

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms

27
Q

Deoxygenated blood

A

describes blood from which some oxygen has been removed

28
Q

Left atrium

A

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

29
Q

Right atrium

A

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

30
Q

Left ventricle

A

lower left section of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

31
Q

Right ventricle

A

lower right section of the heart, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

32
Q

Lub dub

A

the sound made by the heart valves as they close

33
Q

Valve s

A

flap-like folds in the lining of a blood vessel or other hollow organ that allow a liquid, such as blood, to flow in one direction only

34
Q

Blood pressure

A

measures how strongly the blood is pumped through the body’s main arteries

35
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

the lower blood pressure reading during relaxation of the heart muscles

36
Q

Systolic pressure

A

the higher blood pressure reading during contraction of the heart muscles

37
Q

Heart beat

A

contraction of the heart muscle occurring about 60–100 times per minute

38
Q

Pulse

A

alternating contraction and expansion of arteries due to the pumping of blood by the heart

39
Q

Pace maker

A

Electronic device inserted in the chest to keep the heart beating regularly at the correct rate

40
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

special kind of muscle in the heart that never tires. It is involved in pumping blood through the heart.

41
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

graph made using the tiny electrical impulses generated in the heart muscle, giving information about the health of the heart

42
Q

Oxygen

A

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms

43
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

a gas in the air produced by respiration and used by plants as part of photosynthesis.

44
Q

Epiglottis

A

leaf-like flap of cartilage behind the tongue that closes the air passage during swallowing

45
Q

Digestion

A

breakdown of food into a form that can be used by an animal. It includes both mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.

46
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

digestion that uses physical factors such as chewing with the teeth

47
Q

Chemical digestion

A

the chemical reactions changing food into simpler substances that are absorbed into the bloodstream for use in other parts of the body

Year 8 Science (9 decks)

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