Living cell Flashcards
What are the 3 major domains of the living world?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryotes
What are all living cells surrounded by?
A plasma membrane
Via what proteins do cells communicate?
Receptor proteins and effector proteins.
How do all cells store their hereditary information?
As DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
What is the name for the DNA fragment coding for one protein?
A gene
Define homeostasis
The ability or tendency of an organism or cell to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes.
What is passive transport?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient, without the requirement for energy
What is active transport?
The movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy from ATP hydrolysis
What gradients does electrochemical flux involve?
Electrochemical flux involves an electrical gradient as well as a chemical concentration gradient
What gradient does convection involve?
Convection involves a pressure gradient
What’s osmosis?
The net movement of water molecules from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential
What’s the relationship between time and distance diffused of a particle?
t= x^2
What’s the equation for solute movement in mass per unit time?
Js= - DA(∆C/x)
What does a negative value of Js indicate?
Movement down a concentration gradient
What are the 4 factors of Fick’s law, D, A, x and ∆C?
D- solute size
A- capillary density
x- distance between capillary and cell
∆C- change in metabolic activity
